PP Exam

annual/ELT

100 hour

pitot static/altimeter/transponder

VOR (for IFR)

when an unsafe condition exists with an aircraft, the FAA issues an airworthiness directive to notify concerned parties of the condition and to describe the appropriate corrective action.

altimeter/tachometer/oil pressure gauge/magentic compass/airspeed indicator/t/oil temperature gauge/fuel gauge/landing gear position indicator/anti-collision lights/manifold pressure gauge/ELT/seatbelts

obtained at FSDO, used to deliver aircraft, get plane repaired, flight testing, or evacuate plane from disaster area

photo id, current medical, pilots license

completed flight review within 24 months, to carry passnegers: 3 TO/LDG within preceeding 90 days, for night flying w/ passengers the TO/LDG must have been during civil twilight (1 hour after sunset - 1 hour before sunrise) to a full stop

can act as pilot in command, can carry passengers, can do search and rescue, cannot pay less than their share of the flight, cannot fly for hire

1 class: valid for 12 months (1/2/3), then turns into third class and is valid for 36 months after issuance
2 class: valid for 12 months (2/3), then turns into third class and is valid for 36 months after issuance
3 class: valid for 36 months after issuance

1 class: valid for 6 months (1/2/3), then turns into 2/3 class until 12 months, then turns into third class and is valid for 24 months after issuance
2 class: valid for 12 months (2/3), then turns into third class and is valid for 24 months after issuance
3 class: valid for 24 months after issuance

observed weather for now or short time in the past, shows airport id, time of observation, wind, visibility, runway visual range, present wx phenomena, sky conditions, temperature, dew point, altimeter setting (current wx/not a forecast)

terminal aerodrome forecast, statement of expected wx conditions for a specified time period within 5 miles of airport, valid for 24 hours, not observed wx, just a forecast

annual/ELT

winds and temperatures aloft forecast, forecasts wind direction, speed, and temperatures at specified times, altitudes, and locations

forecast of pressure systems, fronts, and precipitation for a 2 day period, 4 forecast periods (12, 24, 36, 48), shows progression of wx over next 48 hours

Current weather map, made from surface observations. Depicts: highs, lows, ridges, troughs, and the location and character of fronts and isobars. Now or a short time in the past. Not a forecast.

made from radar wx reports, has possible precipitation types, cell movements, maximum tops, locations of lines of echoes, severe thunderstorms and tornado watches plotted here, updated every hour, current wx shown

convective outlook, shows areas of slight, moderate, or high risk of severe thunderstorms for a 24 hour period, 2/3 days charts as well, forecast

automated weather observing system, transmits minute by minute wx directly to pilot

automated surface observing system, minute by minute observations generating METARS and other aviation wx information to pilot

automated terminal information service, a continuous broadcast of recorded non-control information in the area, broadcasts essential but routine information to reduce congestion

en-route flight advisory service, 122.00 updates wx briefing in the air, give a pilot report, or open VFR flight plan

pilot weather report, reports from aircrafts in flight, observed actual icing, turbulence, cloud tops, visibility and weather

blue

white with amber on side

green

white and green

white and yellow

white white and green

runway end indicator lights, synchronized flahsing lights

visual approach slope indicator, uses red over white lights to guide plane on glidepath, red is low, white is high

precision approach path indicator, white and red lights are next to each other, red is low, white is high, more precise than VASI

solid red

solid green

solid white light, red rotating beacon

white flashing lights on wings

white lights under cowling

5000'

from FL180 - FL600, must have clearance from ATC, IFR only, mode c transponder and two way radio required, no wx minimums

upside down wedding cake up to 10000', must have clearance to enter, must have mode C and two way radio when within 30 miles, 3 miles visibility and clear of clouds, student has to have endorsement

inner core 5 mile radius from surface up to 4500', outer core 10 mile radius from 1200' to 4000', mode c and two way required, 3 miles visibility and 152 from clouds

4 mile radius, from surface up to 2500', 2 way required, 3 miles visibility and 152 from clouds

can starts at surface, 700', 1200' and may extend up to 18000', also exists above 60000', no equipment requirements, below 10000': 3 miles and 152 from clouds, above 10000': 5 miles and 111 from clouds

uncontrolled airspace, may start at surface and can go as high as 14500 MSL or 1200' AGL, no equipment requirements, below 1200' AGL: 1 mile and clear of clouds, above 1200' AGL but below 10000' MSL: 1 mile and 152 from clouds, above 10000' MSL: 5 miles visibility and 152 from clouds, at night: 3 miles and 152 from clouds

established for separating military training activity from IFR traffic, no restriction for VFR traffic but should exercise extreme caution

have hazards to all aircraft, do not enter restricted area unless controlling agency gives the go ahead

established for security and national welfare, should stay out unless you get permission from controlling agency

can pop up with little to no warning, for important people, flight service can give information, must stay out

have been setup in the vicinity of the US and international air space boundaries for aircraft identification prior to entry, must have a DVFR flight plan to enter when VFR, also must have mode c and two way

cleared to land

cleared for TO

return to land

clear to taxi

give way to other aircraft and continue to circle

STOP

airport unsafe, do not land

taxi clear of runway in use

return to starting point

exercise extreme caution

600 - 1500'

enter on a 45 to downwind, or as instructed

high temperatures, high altitude, high humidity, low pressure

engine produces less HP, prop and wings are less efficient, longer takeoff roll, slower climb out, lower service ceiling, longer landing distance

calibrated airspeed, corrected for position and instrumentation installation error

indicated airspeed, speed shown on instruments

true airspeed, calibrated airspeed corrected for non standard temperature and pressure

ground speed, true airspeed corrected for wind

maneuvering speed, maximum speed where you can use abrupt control travel, 82kts

flaps extended speed, max speed where flaps can be fully extended for a certai positon

maximum structural cruising speed, speed that should only be exceeded in smooth air, 128kts

never exceed speed, 160kts

flaps stall speed, minimum speed where plane is controllable, 41kts

stalling speed w/o flaps, 47kts

best angle of climb, speed that gives greatest gain in altitude in shortest distance, 59kts

best rate of climb, speed that gives greatest gain in altitude in shortest time, 73kts

160 BHP Lycoming O-320, 4 cylinder, 4 stroke, horizontally opposed, carburetor injected, air cooled, magnetos

mccauley fixed pitch aluminum prop

43 gallons

40 gallons

to destination + 45 min reserve

to destination + 30 min reserve

100LL, blue

none

front main is oleo, rear mains are spring

braking, front strut

6 qts, 7 qts if filter installed

ashless dispersant oil

24V battery, alternator, circuit breakers, turn coordinator

compares ram air from pitot tube with static air from static port

changing pressure expands or contracts a diaphragm connected to an indicating needle. The VSI is connected to the static pressure line through a calibrated leak it measure differential pressure

every 24 months

attitude and heading indicator

when throttle is decreased, the fuel valve is closed off, creating a large pressure drop, this can cause the fuel to freeze and stop the flow of fuel, carb heat redirects hot engine exhaust overt the exterior to prevent this

reduce power, check oil temp, if rising failure is imminent, find emergency landing area, if staying the same land as soon as possible and investigate

reduce power, lower nose to cool cowling, enrich mixture, land and investigate

establish best glide speed, switch to most full tank, enrich mixture, try to prime fuel, if fuel is gone, close throttle, fully lean mixture and turn off magnetos, squawk 7700

reduce power, lower nose, could be pre-ignition or detonation

reset master switch and alternate breaker, if this fails shut off all non essential electrical equipment and land ASAP, not required for engine

turn on pitot heat, airspeed indicator will only change with change in altitude

altimeter will indicate altitude at which system froze, VSI will show level flight, airspeed indicator will be high at lower altitudes and vice versa, fix by switching to alternate source or breaking VSI window

use alternate air or carb heat if possible, run pitot heat, plan is now heavier and less controllable, will stall at higher speeds, keep speed up and choose long runway

shut down electrical system, extinguish fire, restart essential electrical instruments, land ASAP

shut off fuel, mixture to idle, lower nose to quench, slip airplane, land ASAP

not enough oxygen in blood, caused by higher altitudes, use supplemental oxygen or descend

caused by engine exhaust entering cabin, causes headaches and drowsiness, open vents/windows, land ASAP

over stimulation of inner ear, causes sweating or nausea, open air vent, focus on objects far away, land ASAP

small amounts impair judgement, altitude heightens effects, 8 hours bottle to throttle

caused by uncoordinated turn at low speeds, wing must stall first, spins towards lower wing, reduce power, controls to neutral, opposite rudder

slotted electrical flaps, 10, 20, 30 degree settings

12500lbs

forever

3 years

good as long as no modifications that deviate the plane from its original design are made

ATOMATOFLAMES + FLAPS (fuses, landing lights, anti collision lights, position lights, source of electricity)

kind of equipment list, tells you what you can/can’t fly with

no, mainly for large operators

rime/mixed/clear

when a major weather change occurs

elevator, rudder, ailerons

flaps, trim

attitude and heading reference system

pilot, aircraft, environment, external pressures, IMSAFE all of these

illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion/eating

perceive, process, performs (3P’s)