Module 5

The transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule.

A colored chemical compound that absorbs light, producing color.

Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

Absorb blue and green light. Reflect and transmit yellow, orange, and red light

Absorb blue, blue-green, and green light while reflecting red light.

any of a group of red or blue photosynthetic pigments present in some algae.

method of separating a mixture of different colours. The liquid soaks through the paper and carries the mixture with it. Some substances are carried faster than others so the substances are separated along the paper

disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

Gel-like fluid found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast

stacks of thylakoids

cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids that absorb energy

series of electron-carrying molecules within a membrane that transfer electrons and release energy at each transfer

reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars

Three molecules of carbon dioxide are added to three molecules of a five-carbon sugar abbreviated RuBP.

requires oxygen

without oxygen

a fold of the inner membrane of mitochondria

the first step in cellular respiration where glucose tis split in half

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down by carbon dioxide and releases energy

cellular process of making ATP without oxygen

Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.

The transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule.

A colored chemical compound that absorbs light, producing color.

Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

Absorb blue and green light
Reflect and transmit yellow, orange, and red light

Absorb blue, blue-green, and green light while reflecting red light.

any of a group of red or blue photosynthetic pigments present in some algae.

disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

Gel-like fluid found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast

Stacks of thylakoids in the stroma of a chloroplast.

cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids that absorb energy

series of electron-carrying molecules within inner membrane that transfers electrons and produces energy used in photosynthesis. In cellular respiration it is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Most ATP is produced in the ETC.

Light independent reactions that require CO2, ATP and NADPH to build G3P which makes glucose.

requires oxygen

without oxygen

a fold of the inner membrane of mitochondria

the first step in cellular respiration located in the cytoplasm where glucose tis split in half and pyruvic acid is made. It is anaerobic process.

Process which converts pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down by carbon dioxide and releases energy

Anaerobic process of making ATP without oxygen when cells cannot perform cellular respiration. Two types Lactic Acid and Alcohol.

Process that converts glucose to ATP. Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of ATP.

3 things can happen to a plant cell when sunlight shines. Absorbed by pigments and used in photosynthesis. Transmitted (pass through the cell). Reflected - reflect the color of the pigment

Convert the energy in sunlight to chemical energy. This is where the splitting of water takes place. Produces the chemicals ATP and NADPH through photosynthesis.

Carbon dioxide and water

(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work

An electron carrier involved in photosynthesis.

An electron-carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration.

The final electron acceptor in the ETC of cellular respiration. The waste product of the light reaction that leaves through the stroma.

An electron carrier used in cellular respiration.

An enzyme that uses diffused H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP