Chapter 14

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the ginkgo is unique among gymnosperm?
The ginkgo grows well in polluted areas.
Ginkgo biloba is the only surviving species in its division.
Ginkgos are popular for big cities along streets and parks.
The tree is propagated vegetatively to provide male trees that lack smelly seeds.
Ginkgos have naked seeds.

Characteristics of eudicots include all EXCEPT
flower parts in fours and fives.
woody or herbaceous plants.
vascular tissue scattered in the stem.
two cotyledons.
leaves with branched veins.

Which of the following is NOT correct?
vascular tissue—consists of xylem and phloem
phloem—transports organic nutrients
sporophyte—haploid
xylem—conducts water up from the soil
vascular plants—sporophyte is dominant

Spores are produced in the ________ of a fern.
archegonia
sporangium
ovary
antheridia
ovule

Which of the following is a nonvascular plant that has the longest evolutionary history on land?
redwood tree
ferns
bristlecone pine tree
grass
moss

Which of the following is NOT a significant event in the evolution of plants?
evolution of the seed
evolution of vascular tissue
evolution of the rhizoid
protection of the embryo
evolution of the flower

Which statement is NOT true about seed plants?
Seed plants produce homospores.
They generally do not require external water for reproduction.
The seed contains the embryonic sporophyte generation.
The female gametophyte is retained within the sporophyte.
The pollen grain later becomes the male gametophyte.

The megaspore in seed plants will develop into the
seeds.
spores.
mature male gametophyte.
mature female gametophyte.
pollen grains.

Which life cycle phase is diploid in moss?
spores
antheridium
gametophyte generation
sporophyte generation
gametes

Which of these may occur in both angiosperms and gymnosperms?
Pollen is carried by the wind for pollination.
Pollen is carried by honeybees as pollinators.
Seeds develop within a flower.
Seeds develop within a cone.
Seeds are surrounded by a fruit at maturity.

Moss is an example of which type of plant?
haplontic plant
vascular plant
diplontic plant
seed plant

he reproductive parts of an angiosperm are the
carpel and stamen.
petals and sepals.
petals and stamen.
sepals and carpel.
sepals and stamen.

A megasporocyte would be found in the
anther.
stigma.
filament.
ovary.
style.

Botanically, a seed is a structure developed from a(n)
sepal.
stigma.
style.
anther.
ovule.

Ovules are contained within the
anther.
style.
stigma.
filament.
ovary.

Which of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms?
The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves.
Reproductive structures are located in flowers.
After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms a fruit.
The gametophyte is the longest phase of the life cycle.

The function of endosperm is to
develop into the fruit.
form the seedling.
provide water to the embryo.
provide nutrients to the embryo.
provide a protective coating for the embryo.

The stigma, style, and ovary are located in a
carpel.
sepal.
petal.
stamen.
receptacle.

What adaptation do seed plants have in addition to the seed that is not found in seedless plants?
gametophytes
vascular tissue
pollen
chlorophyll

Gladiolus produces leaves with parallel veins and flower parts in multiples of three. This plant is a(n)
monocot.
fern.
eudicot.
bryophyte.
cycad.

Swimming sperm are produced in the ________ of the moss gametophyte stage.
protonema
rhizoids
antheridia
archegonia
sori

Plants that flourished in the Mesozoic era along with dinosaurs were the
cycads.
flowering plants.
conifers.
ferns.
bryophytes.

Monocots have their floral parts in ________, while eudicots have their parts in ________, or multiples of those numbers.
threes or fours; fives
fours or fives; threes
threes; fours or fives
fours; threes or fives
fives; threes or fours

The vascular tissue by which nutrients are transported throughout ferns is called
phloem.
stigma.
produced by stomata.
absent in roots.
xylem.

In the fern life cycle, the ________ generation is dominant.
haploid gametophyte
haploid sporophyte
diploid sporophyte
monoploid sporophyte
diploid gametophyte

Pine trees have a land-based adaptation. When microsporocytes undergo meiosis to produce microspores, they are then liberated as the
ovules.
embryo sacs.
zygotes.
egg.
pollen grains.

How is a seed like a spore?
They both contain the sporophyte generation.
They both are flagellated.
They both are haploid.
They both contain the gametophyte generation.
They both disperse the species.

Which statement is NOT correct about the sporophyte generation in gymnosperms?
They produce winged naked seeds.
It is the diploid generation.
It is the dominant generation.
Theyare homosporous.
It contains vascular tissue.

Which of these statements is NOT true about fertilization in a fern plant?
A sperm is produced in an antheridium.
An egg is produced in an archegonium.
The eggs and sperm are produced on the same plant.
Eggs and sperm are produced by the gametophyte generation.
The sperm is carried by the wind to the egg.

All of the flower mechanisms would help prevent pollination by a foreign species except
Flowers attract a small number of specialized pollinators, and therefore pollen is not spread equally to all available species of flowers.
The stigma is sticky mainly to its own species of pollen.
The timing of flowering varies by species and keeps pollinators moving among a limited number of species.
A pollen tube only grows in the style of its own species.
Flowers of different species are the same color and attract similar pollinators.

Pollen grains develop in which structure?
the anther
the stigma
the filament
the carpal

The site of formation of pollen grains is in the
petal.
stamen.
sepal.
receptacle.
carpel.

Which is the most diverse group of seedless vascular plants?
the liverworts
the horsetails
the club mosses
the ferns

Seeds contain all of the following EXCEPT
a seed coat.
an endosperm.
a pollen grain.
an embryo.
triploid tissue.

The event that leads from the haploid stage to the diploid stage in alternation of generations is ___.
meiosis
mitosis
fertilization
germination

The land plants are probably descendants of which of these groups?
green algae
red algae
brown algae
angiosperms

Which statement best describes double fertilization in an angiosperm?
Two egg cells are fertilized within each ovule.
A flower can engage in both self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Two sperm are required for fertilization of one egg cell.
One sperm nucleus fuses with an egg cell and another sperm nucleus fuses with a diploid nucleus.
One sperm fertilizes the egg while two sperm nuclei fuse with a second egg.

A lily (a monocot) would have
seeds in a cone.
flower parts in threes.
two cotyledons.
rhizoids rather than true roots.
netted leaf veins.

Haploid spores are produced in the ________ of a moss.
archegonia
antheridia
sporangium
sori
anther

The structure found in nonvascular plants that anchors them to the soil is called the
sori
rhizoid
antheridia
archegonia
protonema

Which sequence is correct in the life cycle of alternation of generations?
gametophyte → gametes → zygote → spores → sporophyte
gametophyte → gametes → spores → sporophyte
gametophyte → spores → gametes → zygote → sporophyte
gametophyte → spores → sporophyte
gametophyte → gametes → zygote → sporophyte → spores

Fertilization in the seedless vascular plants is dependent upon
water.
wind.
insects.
light.
mammals.

Psilotum (whisk ferns) are most closely related to
green algae.
gymnosperms.
conifers.
ferns.
angiosperms.

Structures in plants that produce the gametes are called
sporophyte.
fruit.
homosporophyte.
sporangia.
gametophyte.

The anther and filament are parts of the
carpel.
sepal.
petal.
stamen.
receptacle.

During pollination in angiosperms, pollen grains will stick to the enlarged knob in the center of the flower called the
ovary.
stigma.
ovule.
anther.
style.

Which feature possessed by most land plants is missing in mosses, which grow low to the ground in damp, shaded areas?
vascular tissue, so they must grow along the ground in damp areas to supply water to the cells
starch production, so they only produce small amounts of glucose, since any beyond what they use immediately cannot be stored
a protected zygote, so they must grow in damp areas to supply the zygote with moisture
cell walls, so they cannot stand upright
chlorophyll b, so they can only use filtered light for photosynthesis

One adaptation that was necessary for the ancestor of plants to move onto land was the protection of the embryo from desiccation. In mosses the embryo, called a developing sporophyte, is
protected within the antheridia and nourished by the "foot" growing down into the sporophyte tissue.
protected by the antheridia and nourished by the rhizoids.
not protected since mosses are not vascular plants.
protected by the protonema and nourished by the "foot" growing down into the gametophyte.
protected within the archegonium and nourished by the "foot" growing down into the gametophyte tissue.

A fruit is a
seed.
microspore.
megaspore.
stigmatized pollen grain.
mature ovary.

Which of the following is not true of ferns?
Ferns can reproduce asexually through the growth of rhizomes in the soil.
The gametophyte of ferns is nonvascular.
Ferns are seedless vascular plants.
The gametophyte is dependent on the sporophyte for nourishment.
Ferns can grow in dry, cold conditions.