1At the base of most food chains are autotrophs
true
2The red maple tree cannot photosynthesize because it is not green
false
3In the process of photosynthesis, the light reactions follow the Calvin cycle reactions.
false
4Visible light has more energy than radio waves
true
5There is an inverse relationship between wavelength of light and amount of energy
true
6Photosystem I comes before photosystem II in the noncyclic electron pathway.
false
7ATP synthase is an enzyme complex located in the thylakoid membranes
true
8The first step of the cyclic electron pathway involves the removal of the electrons from water
false
9Photosynthesis and cellular respiration utilize the same chemical pathways but in reverse of each other.
false
10Photosynthesis and Only organisms with chloroplasts are capable of photosynthesis.
false
11At night, plants cannot run metabolic pathways because there is no sunlight
false
12Heterotrophs
are ultimately dependent upon preformed organic molecules made by producers.
13Which statement about producers and/or consumers is true?
Producers produce more food than they use.
14Which of the following isan autotroph?
algae
15Which of the following allows photosynthetic organisms to capture solar energy?
pigments
16The main function of stomata is to
allow passage of CO 2 and O 2 into the leaf.
17Which of the following is a substance that initially traps solar energy in photosynthesis?
chlorophyll
18The flattened sacs within the stroma of a chloroplast, which are connected to form a single inner compartment, are called
thylakoids
19What does the term stroma refer to?
the central fluid-filled space of the chloroplast
20The raw materials or reactants of photosynthesis include
carbon dioxide and water
21What are the products of photosynthesis?
oxygen and carbohydrate
22Which molecule would you need to radioactively label in order to produce radioactive oxygen during photosynthesis?
water
23At the cellular level, photosynthesis occurs within
the chloroplast
24How many membranes does a chloroplast have?
three
25To what does the term grana refer?
a stack of thylakoid membranes
26In which plant structure does photosynthesis primarily occur?
leaf
27What are the two sets of reactions for photosynthesis?
light reactions, Calvin cycle
28The heavy oxygen isotope (O) could be provided to plants either in the CO, or in H2O or in both. Today, we know from experimental results that O2 released from chloroplasts comes from H,0 and not from CO. Which of the following experimental results would show conclusively that O, is released from HO and not CO2?
When heavy oxygen is part of water given tothe plant, the plant produces heavy O 2
29Which two organelles are most directly involved in the flow of energy from the sun through all living things?
chloroplasts and mitochondria
30Which coenzyme is involved in the light reactions?
NADP
31Which of the following statements is true concerning sunlight radiation used for photosynthesis?
Only the red, blue, and violet wavelengths of visible light are used for photosynthesis
32Why are plant leaves green?
They reflect green wavelengths of light
33The reason that deciduous leaves turn bright colors in the fall is
when chlorophyll breaks down, the remaining pigments become visible.
34We set up an experiment where the same species of plant is grown in boxes covered with plastic that only allows a single color of light through. In which box would we expect the least plant growth and even perhaps the death of the plant to occur?
green
35Photosynthesis shows higher activity for violetlue and orangeed and a lower absorption for green/yellow. If we could create a different photosynthetic pigment that absorbed absolutely all visible wavelengths of light, the leaves would appear which color?
black
36The "antenna" system of a plant that gathers the solar energy consists of the
pigment complex
37Water is split and oxygen is released in
the noncyclic electron pathway
38Which part of photosynthesis occurs in the stroma?
Calvin cycle reactions
39The cyclic electron pathway produces only
АТР.
40Which of these is most closely associated with the process of electron transport?
a sequence of molecules in the membranes of the thylakoids
41What are the products of the noncyclic electron pathway?
H,O 2, ATP, and NADPH
42What pathway moves the electrons from water through PS II to PS I and then on to NADP ?
noncyclic electron pathway
43Which of the followingwill recycle electrons back to photosystem I?
cyclic electron pathway
44Biologists are fairly certain that oxygen was built up in the atmosphere by the development of photosynthesis. The production of oxygen and, therefore, the beginning of extensive aerobic life was made possible by the evolution of
photosystem II
45Which of the following would be a reasonable explanation of why thechloroplast would use the cyclic electron pathway as well as the noncyclic electron pathway?
The Calvin cycle utilizes more ATP than NADPH and the cvclic electron pathway produces ATP.
46The H (protons) accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between photosystems I and II. The excess of protons in the thylakoid space
moves from the thylakoid space to the stroma through the ATP synthase complex
47The ATP synthase complex in cellular respiration and photosynthesis
All of the answers are correct
48The reservoir for H+ during photosynthesis is the
thylakoid space.
49The formation of carbohydrate molecules occurs within the
stroma.
50NADPH and ATP are used in the
Calvin cycle reactions.
51In the Calvin cycle, the three-carbon molecule that will be immediately formed after carbon dioxide fixation occurs is
ЗРG.
52What are the stages of the Calvin cycle?
carbon dioxide fixation, carbon dioxide reduction, and regeneration of RuBP
53How many total carbons are involved in carbon dioxide fixation when there are 3 molecules of carbon dioxide and 3 molecules of RuBP?
18
54The Calvin cycle reactions are dependent upon a supply of
carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP.
55Some herbicides inhibit the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane. Without the movement of electrons, hydrogen ions would not be pumped from the stroma to the thylakoid space and the hydrogen ion gradient would not be established. How would this affect the Calvin cycle reactions?
ATP would not be produced and, as a result, the Calvin cycle reactions would not occur
56What is the function of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) during photosynthesis?
It combines with CO 2 to produce a 6-carbon compound.
57How much of the protein content in chloroplasts is made up of the enzyme RuBP carboxylase? Why?
20-50%; the enzyme is very slow
58During photosynthesis, CO 2 is reduced. This means that
the molecule gains electrons
59The end product of the Calvin cycle is
G3P
60Plants need other molecules besides glucose. Where do these molecules, such as cellulose and fructose, come from?
G3P is directly converted to many other organic molecules besides glucose
61The hydrocarbon skeleton used to form fatty acids, glycerol, and amino acids (when N is added) is derived from
G3P
62Most major food plants such as wheat, oats, and rice are
C 3 plants.
63Which of the following is a CAM plant?
cactus
64Which of the following statement is true about C 3 and C 4 plants?
In C 3 plants, O 2 competes with CO 2 for the active site of RuBP carboxylase.
65Over time, what would we expect in the evolution of C 3, C 4, and CAM strategies?
Each form of photosynthesis has advantages in a heterogeneous world and, as long as environmental conditions vary, all forms will have an adaptive advantage in their unique niche
66CAM plants
open their stomata at night to minimize water loss.
67Which of the following is a characteristic shared by cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
All of the answers are characteristics shared by photosynthesis and cellular respiration
68Which of the following statements is true?
During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is used.
69In what ways are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Both will use the electron carrier NADH.
70Which statement about photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?
Photosynthesis produces oxygen, while cellular respiration uses oxygen
71Which of the following is one of the values of photosynthesis to humans?
It reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
72Which pathway is the foundation for the majority of ecosystems and food chains on Earth?
photosynthesis
73Which photosynthetic mode would be most favorable in a desert environment?
CAM
74Which of the following organism(s) has/have a dependence on photosynthesis for their energy?
All of the answer choices will have a dependency on photosynthesis
75Which statement is accurate about how C4 plants are able to survive hot, dry spells during the growing season?
When the stomata close during heat stress, RuBP carboxylase is not exposed to the increase in oxygen concentration experienced in the leaf. This allows the plant to avoid photorespiration