Test #1

understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context

The study of humanity and culture, such as language, evolution, and material remains

Cultural, biological, archeology, and linguistic anthropology

Between the subfields that solves practical issues by partnering with governmental, non-profit, community, business, and corporations

Study of similarities and differences between different cultures and societies

Prevents bias on "normalcy" for cultures different to one's own

The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes

Observable actions and responses

Internal activities, such as thinking

What is the nature of this behaviour?

Why does the behaviour occur?

Can we forecast when the behaviour will occur?

What conditions affect the behaviour?

History, milieu, biography

Society that influences social milieus where individuals create their reality

The feeling of belonging because of living in their family or community

The individual and their agency /ability to fulfill their potential

An image of someone's experiences that adds to the "zeitgeist"

The study of social circumstances that created social problems, rather than of the individual themselves as the issue

Functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminist theory

How do macrostructures and societal organization support social order?

The interconnected parts in society that collaborate to ensure overall balance and social equilibrium, Emile Durkheim

Family, education, politics, economics, and religion

Manifest functions, latent functions, and dysfunction

Intended and obvious function of institutions, a mall for shopping

Not apparent or intended function of institutions, grocery store for socializing

Societal disruptions that decrease social stability

How is social inequality maintained and challenged?

Society is made up of different competing groups and interests for power and resources, Karl Marx

Bourgeoisie and proletariat

The elite/wealthy with power, like royalty/political/corporate leaders

The working/lower class and poor

In macro and micro settings, what are the social sources of patriarchy?

Women should be equal to men, in conflict with historical patriarchy

In micro-level setting communication, how do people create meaning?

Human behaviour is influenced by definitions and meanings made and maintained by symbolic interaction with others (especially in childhood), Max Weber

The interconnections and interdependence of humanity in all places and times

The shared or socially spread ideas, values, and perceptions of a society that are used to interpret experience and create behaviour

Ethnography and ethnology

An in-depth description of a culture based on anthropologist fieldwork/social participation/personal observation, use ethnographies to systematically compare with other cultures

The historical study, analysis, and comparison of cultures to make theories to explain significant similarities/differences between groups, look for science to explain function of cultural practices

There is no one right way to study human behaviour

Neuropsychological and evolutionary view

Perspective that animal and human behaviour is caused by internal physical, biological, and chemical processes

Animal and human behaviour is caused by evolutionary processes, like natural selection

Behaviourist, cognitive, psychodynamic, and humanistic view

The environment shapes and controls behaviour through the study of observed behaviour and effects of learning

Mental information processing can explain most behaviour through thinking/knowing/perception/memory/judgement

The hidden or unconscious forces in one's personality that shape behaviour, like internal conflicts/desires, most negative view

Behaviour is directed by self-image, personal growth needs, and subjective world perceptions, most positive view

One's social and cultural environmentackground shapes their behaviour

The scientific approach when studying or explaining human thoughts, feelings, and behaviour that is focused on strengths and building up the good in life

The combination of languages, practices, symbols, values, beliefs, material objects, and ideologies that people create to deal with 'real life' problems

Abstraction, cooperation, and production

Makes general ways of thinking or ideas that aren't linked to instances, language or math symbols

Allows for norms and values, different cultures have different norms and values

norms that are not strictly enforced and has a low punishment, going in an 'out' door

Norms that a society deems as core to survival and has a high punishment, jail time for crime

Yes, as a society evolves they may decide to evaluate or change norms

The extreme social norms with highest punishment, incest

To judge a different culture according to your cultural norms (opposite to sociological perspective)

Canadians have different cultural backgrounds and each is valuable to keep and practice

Multicultural critics scared it promotes cultural equality for cultures that oppose Canadian values, gender equality

Ceremonies held by tribes to signify a life transitional stage, high school graduation

Separation (person removed from familiar role into new routine), transition (person learns new behaviour in new stage), and reintegration (person formally in role)

The practice of increasing acquisition and consumption of goods, seen to create happiness through materialism

Things enjoyed by upper class individuals, ballet or opera

Things enjoyed by all classes, movies or pop music

Group set apart within culture because of norms, values, or behaviour, emos

Sub-cultures opposing dominant culture's believes, behaviour, and values, the Amish

The introduction process of norms or social customs to people to fulfil societal role

The ideas or attitudes of yourself being expressed, baby crying for needs

Social interaction alone causes the self to emerge

ID, Ego, and Superego

The source of psychic energy and the only personality trait present at birth, is unconscious/instinctive and driven by immediate desires

Allows for impulses to be more acceptably expressed, is consious/preconsciousnconscious

Emerges at 5 y/old and has internalized parental/societal morals, is the conscience (things considered bad by parents/society) and ego ideal (rules/standards for aspiring behaviour)

Self is caused by how we think we are judged/evaluated by, the looking glass shelf

The impulsive and subjective aspect of self is present at birth and has 3 stage development

Prep (imitating significant others), play (pretend/take roles), and game (plays roles and multitasks considering taskselationships)

Families (primary socialization), schools (secondary socialization/societal skills), peer groups (influence lifestyle), and mass media