All cards
1
Costal diaphragmatic recess is found in at mid-axillary line
Costal diaphragmatic recess is found in 9th ICS at mid-axillary line
2
Parietal pleura blood supply =
Parietal pleura blood supply = Thoracic artery
3
Visceral pleura blood supply =
Visceral pleura blood supply = bronchial artery
4
Parietal pleura =
Parietal pleura = sensitive to pain (Intercostal nerve 1-11, subcostal T12, Phrenic c3, c4, c5)
5
Visceral pleura =
Visceral pleura = NOT sensitive to pain
6
Lungs attached by roots to
Lungs attached by roots to pulm arteries, veins, and main bronchi
7
Root are attached by
Root are attached by pulmonary ligaments
8
Projection near cardiac notch =
Projection near cardiac notch = lingula
9
Right has = fissures, left = fissure
Right has =2 fissures, left = 1 fissure
10
Right lung has lobes:
Right lung has 3 lobes: superior, middle, inferior
11
Left lung has 2 lobes:
Left lung has 2 lobes: Superior, inferior (modified middle called lingua
12
The right lung has fissues: and
The right lung has two fissues: Oblique (CC 6) and horizontal (CC 4)
13
The left lung has fissure:
The left lung has one fissure: Oblique (CC6)
14
Bronchial arteries - they supply the conductive airway (non-respiratory)
• on the left from the
• on the right from the
• on the left from the
• on the right from the
Bronchial arteries - they supply the conductive airway (non-respiratory)
•Two on the left from the thoracic aorta
•One on the right from the third posterior intercostal artery
•Two on the left from the thoracic aorta
•One on the right from the third posterior intercostal artery
15
-Bronchial Arteries
-Pulmon Arteries
-Pulmon Arteries
-Bronchial Arteries (oxy)
-Pulmon Arteries (deoxy)
-Pulmon Arteries (deoxy)
16
-Bronchial veins
-Pumonary veins
-Pumonary veins
-Bronchial veins (deoxy)
-Pumonary veins (oxy)
-Pumonary veins (oxy)
17
Cost diaphragmatic recess is found in at mid-axillary line
Cost diaphragmatic recess is found in 9th ICS at mid-axillary line
18
Stimulation of sympathetic trunk
Vasomotor nerve T2-T5 stimulated (bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, inhibits glands of bronchial tree)
19
ASPIRATION of a foreign body will more often enter because it is shorter, wider, and more VERTICAL. OF THE LUNG!!
ASPIRATION of a foreign body will more often enter RIGHT main bronchus because it is shorter, wider, and more VERTICAL. RIGHT LOWER LOBE OF THE RIGHT LUNG!!
20
Trachea =
Trachea = circoid cartilage C6
21
Bronchi and trachea =
Bronchi and trachea = ANTERIOR
22
Area where trachea it bifurcates is called the = degree angle
Area where trachea it bifurcates is called the CARINA = 90 degree angle
23
Trachea It divides thorax right and left at sternal angles at. angle of
Trachea It divides thorax right and left at sternal angles at. angle of Louis T4/T5
24
In front of trachea
sternum, thymus, arch of aorta, origins of brachiocephalic
25
Behind the trachea 6 structures
-esophagus
-azygos vein and right vagus and pleura
=aortic arch, LCC (left common carotid), left subclav artery, left vagus, left phrenic, and pleura
-azygos vein and right vagus and pleura
=aortic arch, LCC (left common carotid), left subclav artery, left vagus, left phrenic, and pleura
26
Anteriorly =
Anteriorly = phrenic
27
Posteriorly =
Posteriorly = Vagus
28
4 sources of blood supply trachea
1. Superior thyroid artery
2. Inferior thyroid artery
3. Bronchial arteries
4. Internal thoracic
2. Inferior thyroid artery
3. Bronchial arteries
4. Internal thoracic
29
Nerve supply of trachea
1. Vagus nerve
2. Sypathetic chain
2. Sypathetic chain
30
The left primary main bronchus passes to the left BELOW and IN FRONT
The left primary main bronchus passes to the left BELOW the arch of the aorta and IN FRONT of the esophagus
31
Primary bronchi =
Secondary bronchi =
Tertiary =
Secondary bronchi =
Tertiary =
Primary bronchi = right and left
Secondary bronchi = lobar
Tertiary = segmental
Secondary bronchi = lobar
Tertiary = segmental
32
Venous drainage of esophagus –
Venous drainage of esophagus – azygos system
33
Mediastinum
Upper limit =
Inferior limit =
Upper limit =
Inferior limit =
Mediastinum
Upper limit = inlet
Inferior limit = diaphragm
Upper limit = inlet
Inferior limit = diaphragm
34
Superior Mediastinum = Located , anterior to vertebrae
Superior Mediastinum = Located posterior to the manubrium, anterior to first four thoracic vertebrae
35
Contents of Mediastinum
36
The right phrenic nerve goes which 3 places
1. RIght of SVC and RA
2. Anterior root of right lung
3. Between the parietal pleural and fibrous pericardi
2. Anterior root of right lung
3. Between the parietal pleural and fibrous pericardi
37
The left phrenic nerve goes which 3 places
1. Lateral to the left of vagus and aortic arch
2. Anterior to root of left luung
3. Between the parietal pleural and fibrous pericardium
2. Anterior to root of left luung
3. Between the parietal pleural and fibrous pericardium
38
Left recurrent laryngeal = hooks distal to and results in in
Left recurrent laryngeal = hooks under arch of the aorta distal to ligament arteriosus and results in in PARALYSIS OF LEFT LARYNX AND VOCAL CORDS
39
Right recurrent laryngeal = not affected because it comes from the
Right recurrent laryngeal = not affected because it comes from the right vagus nerve in root of neck
40
TRACHEA DEVIATES TO (altelectasis, pneumonectomy, large plueral fibrosis, pulmonargy agenesis)
TRACHEA DEVIATES TO AFFECTED SIDE (altelectasis, pneumonectomy, large plueral fibrosis, pulmonargy agenesis) EMPTY SPACE
41
TRACHEAL DEVIATION TO ( tension pneumon, plueral effusion, hemothroax, large mass)
TRACHEAL DEVIATION TO UNAFFECTED SIDE ( tension pneumon, plueral effusion, hemothroax, large mass) FILLED SPACE
42
Inferior Mediastinum
-Anterior ( , , )
-Middle ( , , , + )
-Anterior ( , , )
-Middle ( , , , + )
Inferior Mediastinum
-Anterior (fatty tissue, thymus (infants), lymph)
-Middle (heart, pericardi, main bronchi, great vessels + phrenic nerves)
-Anterior (fatty tissue, thymus (infants), lymph)
-Middle (heart, pericardi, main bronchi, great vessels + phrenic nerves)
43
Posterior Mediastinum
Posterior Mediastinum
-T5-T12
-T5-T12
44
Posterior Mediastinum
Contents:
Contents:
Posterior Mediastinum
Contents: Thoracic aorta, esophagus, azygos venous, thoracic, vagus, splanchnic nerve
Contents: Thoracic aorta, esophagus, azygos venous, thoracic, vagus, splanchnic nerve
45
What are the two branches of the posterior mediastinum? What do they contain?
46
The esophagus extends from
The esophagus extends from C6-T10
47
-Esophagus is the at the
-Esophagus is the main posterior relationship at the base of the heart
48
The esophagus deviates to the to the and enters anterior to the aorta with the vagus and the esophageal branch of the left gastric artery and vein
The esophagus deviates to the left posterior to the left main bronchus and enters T10 anterior to the aorta with the vagus and the esophageal branch of the left gastric artery and vein
49
Venous drainage of esophagus –
Venous drainage of esophagus – azygos system
50
Nerve supply of esophagus
vagus (anterior = left vagus, posterior = right vagus), sympathetic fibers, pain fibers
51
Thoracic duct=
Thoracic duct= begins at L2 as the cisterna chyli
52
Vagus Nerve- Enters
Vagus Nerve- Enters diaphragm at T10