1What is the charge of a Proton?
Positive
2What is the charge of a Neutron?
No charge
3What is the charge of an Electron?
Negative
4Where is the Proton located?
In the Nucleus
5Where is the Neutron located?
In the Nucleus
6Where is the Electron located?
orbiting
7What is the mass of a Proton?
2 sub particles
8What is the mass of a Neutron?
2 sub particles
9What is the mass of an Electron?
none
100 electrons were lost, 1 electron was gained. What is the resulting charge of the atom and is it Oxidized or Reduced?
-1 and Reduced
113 electrons were lost, 0 electrons were gained. What is the resulting charge of the atom and is it Oxidized or Reduced?
+3 and Oxidized
122 electrons were lost, 0 electrons were gained. What is the resulting charge of the atom and is it Oxidized or Reduced?
+2 and Oxidized
13Explain the following property of water: Polar
Water is polar. It has negative and positive ends.
14Explain the following property of water: Cohesive
Chains or blocks. Sticks to itself.
15How does the Cohesive property of water help organisms stay alive?
Water flow
16Explain the following property of water: Adhesive
Sticking to other polar molecules
17How does the Adhesive property of water help organisms stay alive?
Resists seperation
18Explain the following property of water: High Specific Heat
Takes a lot of heat and energy from others.
19How does the High Specific Heat property of water help organisms stay alive?
Allows to maintain life and different temperatures
20Explain the following property of water: Good Solvent
Dissolve substances as solute
21How does the Good Solvent property of water help organisms stay alive?
Able to dissolve to digest
22Explain the Ionic bond
Metal bonds with a non-metal
23Explain the Covalent bond
Non-metal bonds with non-metal
24Explain the Hydrogen bond
Weak bonds, when hydro atom is covalently bonded to negative atom.
25What are the 3 elements in ALL organic molecules?
Lipids, protein, carbohydrates
26What is the 4th element found in proteins and nucleic acids?
Sulfur
27What is the chemical formula of Glucose, Fructose, & Galactose?
C6, H12, O6
28What is the monomer unit of carbohydrates (everything for movement)?
Monosaccharides
29What is the monomer unit of lipids (storage)?
Fatty acids
30What is the monomer unit of proteins (build)?
Amino Acids
31What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids (info)?
Nucleotide
32What is the function of carbohydrates?
Energy source for animals, long lasting
33What is the function of lipids?
Non-polar molecules, do not dissolve, store lots of energy
34What is the function of proteins?
Build enzymes, source of energy
35What is the function of nucleic acids?
Stores hereditary information
36Give an example of carbohydrates
Bread, rice, cereal
37Give an example of protein
Eggs, chicken, meat, dairy, peanut butter
38Give an example of lipids
Butter, oil, wax
39Give an example of nucleic acids
DNA, RNA, anything living
40pH is a measurement of what 2 ions? (name and formula)
Free hydrogen and Hydronium ion, (H+)(H3O+)
41Given that H3O+ > OH is it acid, base, or neutral?
Acid
42Given that H3O+ < OH is it acid, base, or neutral?
Base
43Given that H3O+ = OH is it acid, base, or neutral?
Neutral
44How many times more H3O+ does a pH of 3 have compared to a pH of 6?
100
45How many times more OH- does a pH of 12 have compared to a pH of 8?
10,000
46Why don't our cells die when we consume a large amount of orange juice which is highly acidic?
They refuse to give in to the acid from the enzymes
47What is the purpose of a catalyst?
To bring a specific chemical reaction
48What is an enzyme?
Proteins produced by living organisms
49Are enzymes reusable?
Yes, but they can't be changed
50What 2 factors affect enzyme activity?
Temperature and pH
51Which factor slows down enzyme activity?
Water (hydrogen peroxide)
52Which factor stops enzyme activity?
If pH is lower or higher than optimal pH
53Why does an enzyme stop working?
Extreme high temperature
54Is energy released or absorbed endergonic or endothermic?
Endergonic
55Is feels hot or cold endergonic or endothermic?
Endothermic
56Is usually a synthesis or decomposition reaction endergonic or endothermic?
Endothermic
57Is energy released or absorbed exergonic or exothermic?
Exergonic
58Is feels hot or cold exergonic or exothermic?
Exothermic
59Is usually a synthesis or decomposition reaction exergonic or exothermic?
Exothermic
60What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Satured fats are bad and there's a double bond between them. Unsaturated fats are good, carbon.