Chap 6

Designing remedies for overcoming racism and sexism by taking race and sex into account

Any persons who are not U.S. Citizens

A Supreme Court Ruling stating that a college may not use an explicit numerical quota in admitting minorities but could "take race into account"

A Supreme Court decision declaring segregated schools inherently unequal

Device used, and upheld by the Supreme Court, to address concerns about protestors and abortion clinics

Helping disadvantaged people catch up, usually by giving them extra education, training, or services

Segregation that exists but was not created by law

Segregation created by law

Offering the races an equal chance at desired things

Distributing desired things equally to the races

A school integration plan mandating no particular racial balance

Landmark case in which the Court first found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution

Legislation that barred the use of federal funds for nearly any abortion

Declared state laws may not ban sexual relations between same-sex partners

An early non-violent leader in black civil rights

(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) Black interest group active primarily in the courts

A philosophy of peaceful violation of laws considered unjust and accepting punishment for the violation.

Original litigant in Roe who, today, is an outspoken opponent of abortion

A leading feminist organization

A Supreme Court Decision upholding state-enforced racial segregation

Giving Minorities preference in hiring, promotions, college admissions, and contracts

If a policy "serves" an important government interest it is allowable.

Post-Civil War era when southern laws protected blacks' freedoms

Landmark case declaring gender discrimination violates the Equal Protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and asserting the reasonableness standard for such discrimination

The use of race or sex to give preferential treatment to blacks or women

A ruling that declared all state laws prohibiting abortion unconstitutional

A ruling that held that Congress may draft men but not women

The standard under which the Court once upheld racial segregation

Document signed by over 100 members of Congress complaining of "abuse of judicial power"

The standard by which the Supreme Court judges classifications based on race: they must have a compelling public purpose

The standard by which the Court judges gender-based classifications