1NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\Delta H=H_0\;\frac{C_c}{1+e_0}\;log\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)$
$\Delta H=H_0\;\frac{C_c}{1+e_0}\;log(\Delta\sigma_v)
2OVER CONSOLIDATED FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\sigma_{vmax}>\sigma_{vf}$
$\Delta H=H_0\frac{C_r}{1+e_0}log\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)$
$\Delta H=H_0\frac{C_r}{1+e_0}log\left(\Delta\sigma_v\right)$
3UNDER CONSOLIDATED
FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\sigma_{vmax}<\sigma_{vf}$
$\Delta H=\frac{H_0}{1+e_0}\left(C_rlog\left(\frac{\sigma_{vmax}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)+C_clog\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{vmax}}\right)\right)$
4VOLUME CHANGE IN SAND
$\Delta H=\frac{4qB^2}{k_v{(B+1)}^2}
5USDA SOIL CLASSIFICATION
FAMILIARIZE
7USDA SOIL CLASSIFICATION
FAMILIARIZE
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43CONSISTENCY INDEX
$CI\ =\ \ \frac{LL\ -\ w}{PI}$
44CONSISTENCY INDEX
$CI\ =\ \ \frac{LL\ -\ w}{PI}$
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46TOTAL
or
BULK
SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \gamma_{sat}\ \left(h_1\right)+\ \gamma_{wet}\ \left(h_2\right)+\gamma_{zav}\ \left(h_3\right)+\ \gamma_{dry}\ \left(h_4\right)$
47EFFECTIVE
or
INTERGRANULAR
SOIL PRESSURE
$P_{eff}\ =\ \left(\gamma_{sat}-\gamma_w\right)\ \left(h_1\right)+\ \gamma_{wet}\ \left(h_2\right)+\gamma_{zav}\ \left(h_3\right)+\ \gamma_{dry}\ \left(h_4\right)$
48PORE WATER PRESSURE
$P_{pw}\ =\gamma_w\ \left(h_w\right)$
49TOTAL or BULK SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \sum_{i\ =\ 0}^{h}{\left\{\begin{matrix}\gamma_{dry}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{wet}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{zav}\\\gamma_{sat}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right\}\ h_i\ }$
50EFFECTIVE or INTERGRANULAR SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \sum_{i\ =\ 0}^{h}{\left\{\begin{matrix}\gamma_{dry}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{wet}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{zav}\\\gamma_{sat}-\gamma_w\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right\}\ h_i\ }$
51USUAL SOIL STRATA
$\frac{SAND\ ABOVE}{CLAY\ BELOW}$
52UNDERLAIN meaning
UNDERLAIN -past participle
The meaning of UNDERLIE is to lie or be situated under
UNDERLAIN WITH- napapailaliman
UNDERLAIN BY - umi-ilalim
53TOTAL SOIL PRESSURE in EXCAVATION
$P_t\rightleftarrows\ P_{pw}$
compare
TOTAL PRESSURE to
PORE PRESSURE on
SAME SOIL LEVEL or POINT
54UNDERLAIN meaning
UNDERLAIN -past participle
The meaning of UNDERLIE is to lie or be situated under
UNDERLAIN WITH- napapailaliman
UNDERLAIN BY - umi-ilalim
55TOTAL SOIL PRESSURE in EXCAVATION
$P_t\rightleftarrows\ P_{pw}$
compare
TOTAL PRESSURE to
PORE PRESSURE on
SAME SOIL LEVEL or POINT
56ASSUMPTION of SATURATION
in CAPILLARY ZONE
100% SATURATED if NOT indicated the
SATURATION in the CAPILLARY ZONE
57EFFECTIVE or INTERGRANULAR
SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ \ \&\ \ P_{pw}$
$P_{eff}\ =P_t\ \ -\ P_{pw}$
58CAPILLARY RISE
$h_c\ =\frac{c}{e\ D_{10}}$

59CAPILLARY RISE
$h_c\ =\frac{c}{e\ D_{10}}$

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66DETERMINE THE CUMULATIVE MASS RETAINED

67DETERMINE THE
CUMULATIVE MASS PASSING
and PERCENT PASSING

68DETERMINE THE
CUMULATIVE MASS PASSING
and PERCENT PASSING

69$Determine\ D_{10}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is
10% Finer
70$Determine\ D_{30}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is
30% Finer
71$Determine\ D_{60}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is
60% Finer
72Determine Effective Stress Right Above A
73Determine Effective Stress Right Below A
74Determine Effective Stress @ B
75Determine Effective Stress @ C
76Seepage Force per Unit Volume
$F\ =\ \frac{h}{H_2}\ \gamma_w\ $
$F\ =i\gamma_w$
77PORE WATER PRESSURE
@ CAPILLARY ZONE
IT IS NEGATIVE
$P_{pw}=\ -\gamma_w\left(h_i\right)\ \left(S\right)\ $
78PORE WATER PRESSURE
@ CAPILLARY ZONE
IT IS NEGATIVE
$P_{pw}=\ -\gamma_w\left(h_i\right)\ \left(S\right)\ $
79SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(using pycnometer)
80VOID RATIO
in
DENSEST CONDITION
$e_{min}\ =\ \ smallest\ void\ ratio$
81VOID RATIO
in
LOOSEST CONDITION
$e_{max}\ =\ \ largest\ void\ ratio$
82CONCEPT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY of SOIL SOLIDS
83CONCEPT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY of SOIL SOLIDS
84EMBANKMENT
involving VOID RATIO
and VOLUME
IDENTIFY the NEED and the AVAILABLE
___________________________
$V_{s\ (needed)}=\ V_{s\ (available)}$
$M_{s\ (needed)}=\ M_{s\ (available)}$
___________________________
$\dfrac{V_1}{1+e_1}=\dfrac{V_2}{1+e_2}$
___________________________
$\gamma_{d_1} \bullet V_1=\gamma_{d_2} \bullet V_2$
85SIEVE ANALYSIS only PERFORMS
on
GRAVEL and SAND
COARSE AGGREGATES
SIEVE ANALYSIS only PERFORMS
GRAVEL and SAND
86HYDROMETER TEST only PERFORMS
on
SILT and CLAY
FINE AGGREGATES
HYDROMETER TEST only PERFORMS
SILT and CLAY
87HYDROMETER TEST
Length of Suspension
$L=\ 16.29\ -0.164R$

88HYDROMETER TEST
Diameter of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$D_{(mm)}=\ \sqrt{\frac{30\ \mu}{\rho_{soil\ }-\rho_{w\ }\ }}\bullet\ \sqrt{\frac{L_{(cm)}}{t_{(mins)}}}$

89HYDROMETER TEST
Weight of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$W\ =\ \frac{CHR}{50}\bullet\ W_s$

90HYDROMETER TEST
Weight of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$W\ =\ \frac{CHR}{50}\bullet\ W_s$

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101SAND CONE TEST = FIELD DENSITY TEST (FDT)
SAND CONE TEST = FIELD DENSITY TEST (FDT)
102LIQUID LIMIT
OBTAIN USING INTERPOLATION
(MODE 3-4)
via
CASAGRANDE
(moisture content @ 25 Blows)
and
FALL-CONE TEST
(moisture content @20mm penetration test)
103PLASTIC LIMIT
$PL=\ \frac{m_{wet}-m_{dry}\ }{m_{dry}}\ =\ \frac{m_{H_2O}}{m_{dry}}$
OR
can be average of the
MOISTURE CONTENT
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136TOTAL AXIAL STRESS @ FAILURE
is equal to
MAXIMUM NORMAL STRESS @ MOHR's CIRCLE
TOTAL AXIAL STRESS @ FAILURE
is equal to
MAXIMUM NORMAL STRESS @ MOHR's CIRCLE
137NSCP SECTION 304
the presumptive load bearing capacity of gravelly, in the absence of exhaustive geotechnical site assessment and investigation
$\begin{matrix} Depth\ Factor (D)\\ Width\ Factor(W)\\\end{matrix}$
$$
$1+\dfrac{0.2\left[\left(D\ or\ W\right)-300\right]}{300} \leq 1.60
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