GEOTECH part 2

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NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\Delta H=H_0\;\frac{C_c}{1+e_0}\;log\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)$
$\Delta H=H_0\;\frac{C_c}{1+e_0}\;log(\Delta\sigma_v)
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OVER CONSOLIDATED FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\sigma_{vmax}>\sigma_{vf}$
$\Delta H=H_0\frac{C_r}{1+e_0}log\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)$
$\Delta H=H_0\frac{C_r}{1+e_0}log\left(\Delta\sigma_v\right)$
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UNDER CONSOLIDATED
FINE-GRAINED SOIL
$\sigma_{vmax}<\sigma_{vf}$
$\Delta H=\frac{H_0}{1+e_0}\left(C_rlog\left(\frac{\sigma_{vmax}}{\sigma_{v0}}\right)+C_clog\left(\frac{\sigma_{vf}}{\sigma_{vmax}}\right)\right)$
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VOLUME CHANGE IN SAND
$\Delta H=\frac{4qB^2}{k_v{(B+1)}^2}
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USDA SOIL CLASSIFICATION

FAMILIARIZE
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USCS

FAMILIARIZE
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USDA SOIL CLASSIFICATION

FAMILIARIZE
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USCS

FAMILIARIZE
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CONSISTENCY INDEX
$CI\ =\ \ \frac{LL\ -\ w}{PI}$
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CONSISTENCY INDEX
$CI\ =\ \ \frac{LL\ -\ w}{PI}$
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TOTAL
or
BULK
SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \gamma_{sat}\ \left(h_1\right)+\ \gamma_{wet}\ \left(h_2\right)+\gamma_{zav}\ \left(h_3\right)+\ \gamma_{dry}\ \left(h_4\right)$
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EFFECTIVE
or
INTERGRANULAR
SOIL PRESSURE
$P_{eff}\ =\ \left(\gamma_{sat}-\gamma_w\right)\ \left(h_1\right)+\ \gamma_{wet}\ \left(h_2\right)+\gamma_{zav}\ \left(h_3\right)+\ \gamma_{dry}\ \left(h_4\right)$
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PORE WATER PRESSURE
$P_{pw}\ =\gamma_w\ \left(h_w\right)$
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TOTAL or BULK SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \sum_{i\ =\ 0}^{h}{\left\{\begin{matrix}\gamma_{dry}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{wet}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{zav}\\\gamma_{sat}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right\}\ h_i\ }$
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EFFECTIVE or INTERGRANULAR SOIL PRESSURE
$P_t\ =\ \sum_{i\ =\ 0}^{h}{\left\{\begin{matrix}\gamma_{dry}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{wet}\\\begin{matrix}\gamma_{zav}\\\gamma_{sat}-\gamma_w\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right\}\ h_i\ }$
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USUAL SOIL STRATA
$\frac{SAND\ ABOVE}{CLAY\ BELOW}$
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UNDERLAIN meaning
UNDERLAIN -past participle
The meaning of UNDERLIE is to lie or be situated under

UNDERLAIN WITH- napapailaliman
UNDERLAIN BY - umi-ilalim
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TOTAL SOIL PRESSURE in EXCAVATION
$P_t\rightleftarrows\ P_{pw}$
compare TOTAL PRESSURE to
PORE PRESSURE on
SAME SOIL LEVEL or POINT
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UNDERLAIN meaning
UNDERLAIN -past participle
The meaning of UNDERLIE is to lie or be situated under

UNDERLAIN WITH- napapailaliman
UNDERLAIN BY - umi-ilalim
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TOTAL SOIL PRESSURE in EXCAVATION
$P_t\rightleftarrows\ P_{pw}$
compare TOTAL PRESSURE to
PORE PRESSURE on
SAME SOIL LEVEL or POINT
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ASSUMPTION of SATURATION
in CAPILLARY ZONE
100% SATURATED if NOT indicated the
SATURATION in the CAPILLARY ZONE
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EFFECTIVE or INTERGRANULAR
SOIL PRESSURE

$P_t\ \ \&\ \ P_{pw}$
$P_{eff}\ =P_t\ \ -\ P_{pw}$
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CAPILLARY RISE
$h_c\ =\frac{c}{e\ D_{10}}$
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CAPILLARY RISE
$h_c\ =\frac{c}{e\ D_{10}}$
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DETERMINE THE CUMULATIVE MASS RETAINED
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DETERMINE THE
CUMULATIVE MASS PASSING
and PERCENT PASSING
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DETERMINE THE
CUMULATIVE MASS PASSING
and PERCENT PASSING
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$Determine\ D_{10}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is 10% Finer
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$Determine\ D_{30}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is 30% Finer
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$Determine\ D_{60}$
Diameter of Soil Particles
that is 60% Finer
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Determine Effective Stress Right Above A
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Determine Effective Stress Right Below A
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Determine Effective Stress @ B
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Determine Effective Stress @ C
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Seepage Force per Unit Volume
$F\ =\ \frac{h}{H_2}\ \gamma_w\ $
$F\ =i\gamma_w$
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PORE WATER PRESSURE
@ CAPILLARY ZONE
IT IS NEGATIVE
$P_{pw}=\ -\gamma_w\left(h_i\right)\ \left(S\right)\ $
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PORE WATER PRESSURE
@ CAPILLARY ZONE
IT IS NEGATIVE
$P_{pw}=\ -\gamma_w\left(h_i\right)\ \left(S\right)\ $
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SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(using pycnometer)
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VOID RATIO
in
DENSEST CONDITION
$e_{min}\ =\ \ smallest\ void\ ratio$
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VOID RATIO
in
LOOSEST CONDITION
$e_{max}\ =\ \ largest\ void\ ratio$
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CONCEPT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY of SOIL SOLIDS
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CONCEPT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY of SOIL SOLIDS
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EMBANKMENT
involving VOID RATIO
and VOLUME
IDENTIFY the NEED and the AVAILABLE
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$V_{s\ (needed)}=\ V_{s\ (available)}$
$M_{s\ (needed)}=\ M_{s\ (available)}$
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$\dfrac{V_1}{1+e_1}=\dfrac{V_2}{1+e_2}$
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$\gamma_{d_1} \bullet V_1=\gamma_{d_2} \bullet V_2$
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SIEVE ANALYSIS only PERFORMS
on
GRAVEL and SAND
COARSE AGGREGATES
SIEVE ANALYSIS only PERFORMS
GRAVEL and SAND
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HYDROMETER TEST only PERFORMS
on
SILT and CLAY
FINE AGGREGATES
HYDROMETER TEST only PERFORMS
SILT and CLAY
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HYDROMETER TEST

Length of Suspension
$L=\ 16.29\ -0.164R$
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HYDROMETER TEST

Diameter of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$D_{(mm)}=\ \sqrt{\frac{30\ \mu}{\rho_{soil\ }-\rho_{w\ }\ }}\bullet\ \sqrt{\frac{L_{(cm)}}{t_{(mins)}}}$
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HYDROMETER TEST

Weight of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$W\ =\ \frac{CHR}{50}\bullet\ W_s$
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HYDROMETER TEST

Weight of Soil Particles
in Suspension
$W\ =\ \frac{CHR}{50}\bullet\ W_s$
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SAND CONE TEST = FIELD DENSITY TEST (FDT)
SAND CONE TEST = FIELD DENSITY TEST (FDT)
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LIQUID LIMIT
OBTAIN USING INTERPOLATION
(MODE 3-4)
via
CASAGRANDE
(moisture content @ 25 Blows)

and
FALL-CONE TEST
(moisture content @20mm penetration test)
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PLASTIC LIMIT
$PL=\ \frac{m_{wet}-m_{dry}\ }{m_{dry}}\ =\ \frac{m_{H_2O}}{m_{dry}}$

OR
can be average of the
MOISTURE CONTENT
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TOTAL AXIAL STRESS @ FAILURE
is equal to
MAXIMUM NORMAL STRESS @ MOHR's CIRCLE
TOTAL AXIAL STRESS @ FAILURE
is equal to
MAXIMUM NORMAL STRESS @ MOHR's CIRCLE
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NSCP SECTION 304

the presumptive load bearing capacity of gravelly, in the absence of exhaustive geotechnical site assessment and investigation
$\begin{matrix} Depth\ Factor (D)\\ Width\ Factor(W)\\\end{matrix}$
$$
$1+\dfrac{0.2\left[\left(D\ or\ W\right)-300\right]}{300} \leq 1.60
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