1Who won the October 1964 General Election?
Labour
2What was launched in September 1964 and by who?
The National Plan by George Brown
3What was the National Plan?
The economic policies laid out by George Brown to improve the economic situation of Britain; wanted to focus on corporatism and productivity
4Who won the 1966 General Election?
Labour re-election victory
5November 1967
Devaluation of the pound
6When was EEC entry vetoed and by who?
27 November 1967 by DeGaulle
7Who won the June 1970 General Election?
The Conservatives
8Labour popular vote in 1964?
44.1%
9Labour popular vote 1966?
47.9%
10What was the very effective 1964 campaign speech made by Wilson?
'White heat' of technological change
11What had Wilson done in 1950?
Resigned due to the Bevanite quarrel
12What happened in the 1961 Labour leadership challenge?
Wilson had lost against Gaitskell, but still served in his cabinet
13How did Wilson create an impression of 'classlessness'? (3)
- First PM educated at state secondary school
- Smoked a pipe
- Regional Yorkshire accent
14What does the 'Kitchen cabinet' refer to?
Informal discussions at Downing St. of Wilson's most trusted MPs and advisors
15What does GDP mean?
The total market value of all final goods and services produced annually in an economy
16What is devaluation?
Lowering the value of a nation's currency relative to other currencies
17How large of a deficit was inherited by Labour? Why?
£800m and a balance of payments crisis, because of Maudling's dash for growth
18What does deflation mean?
A decrease in the general level of prices
19What was one reason for Labour's hesitancy to devalue the pound?
Fears of being associated with devaluation, due to having done it already in 1949
20What was the Department of Economic Affairs? When was it? Who was it run by?
George Brown, October 1964-67; aimed to centralise planning and practise corporatism
21What is the prices and income policy?
Govt policy to combat inflation by restricting wage rise and price increase
22National dock strike
August 1967, having a bad effect on the balance of payments
23Six-Day War
June 1967, Middle East, which affected oil supplies and prices
24How much was the pound devalued?
Devaluation of pound by 14%; \$2.80 -> \$2.40
25When was sterling devalued?
18th November 1967
26Balance of payments
achieved by Jenkins in 1969
27What was the inflation rate 1969-70?
Running at 12%
28What happened on 19 November 1967?
Callaghan resigns; Jenkins becomes Chanellir
29What speech was delivered by Wilson the day after devaluation?
'Pound in your pocket'
30What did an opinion poll in early 1960s reveal about unions?
Revealed that nearly 60% of people had a favourable view of the unions
31What does the phrase 'Beer and sandwiches' refer to?
Discussions at Downing St with union leaders
32National Union of Seamen's strike
1966, with workers striking for shorter working hours ; govt took a firm stance and Wilson was accusatory and went so far as to associate the strike with communism
33When and what was 'In Place of Strife'?
January 1969, white paper by Barbara Castle proposing laws to reduce the power of unions
34What were the 'In Place of Strife' unpopular details? (3)
- 28-day 'cooling-off' period
- Industrial relations court introduction
- Strike ballots introduction
35How much money was lost after the NUS strike?
£40m
36What is a unionist? (Troubles)
Supporter of the union of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland to form the UK
37What is a nationalist? (Troubles)
Supporter of independence for Scotland and/or a united Ireland
38What was the Irish Republican Army?
An unofficial nationalist military force seeking independence for Ireland from Great Britain
39What is Stormont?
Parliament at Belfast; Northern Irish placement meant domination of Protestant unionists
40What was the Royal Ulster Constabulary?
Northern Irish police force; accused of being biased against Catholics and not protecting them
41What are the Apprentice Boys?
A loyalist organisation that marches annually to commemorate the closing of the gates to the city of Derry to Catholic forces in 1688 by 13 apprentice boys
42What was The Battle of Bogside, 1969?
Apprentice Boys attacked by nationalists in Catholic Bogside; RUC treat Catholics cruelly and try to storm Bogside. British troops sent in.
43How was there a break down of post-war consensus? (4)
- Trade unions increasingly uncooperative
- Divisions reappearing in Labour
- Welfare state not solving many issues
- Conservative doubt in consensus' efficacy
44What was the anti-immigration speech by Enoch Powell in 1968? What effect did it have?
'Rivers of Blood'; aided Conservative victory in 1970
45What was the Conservative popular vote 1970?
46.4%
46When did Heath become leader of the Conservatives?
1965, being the first leader chosen by ballot
47Who were the members of the 1964 cabinet and what were their roles and political leanings? (7)
- A. Crosland - education minister
- R. Jenkins - Home Secretary 1965< - moderate
- B. Castle - Minister of Overseas Development - left
- R. Crossman - housing - left
- F. Cousins - min of technology - left
- J. Callaghan - Chancellor
- G. Brown - DEA
48When was the DEA abandoned? Why?
1967, because it was largely ineffective for purpose
49What sporting event took place in 1966?
The Football World Cup, which Britain won
50What majority was gained in 1966?
98
51Why did Frank Cousins resign?
Due to 1966 Prices and Incomes Board which froze wages and controlled prices
52When did Jenkins become chancellor? What was his approach?
1965, wanted to prioritise solving the balance-of-payments, which he did do by 1969
53What are wildcat strikes?
Sudden, unofficial local disputes begun without reference to the national leadership
54Why was the 1970 election result a surprise?
Because Labour was doing relatively well by this time
55What were jenkins' deflationary measures 1968
- Cut defence spending
- Abandon 500,00 new houses target
- Postpone raising school leaving age to 16
- Taxes on petrol, tobacco, alcohol, etc.
56What were the govts key economic priorities as laid out in the National Plan?
- Affluence - distribute wealth across the country
- Welfare - unemployment benefits, better training
- Influence - be a role model to other countries
- Efficiency - to improve balance of payments
57What was the Trades Disputes Act 1965?
Reversed the previous Conservative decision to allow closed shop
58Which two ministers did not get on particularly well?
Callaghan and Brown; often differed in opinion of the best economic policies to take
59When did Bevan and Gaitskell die?
1960 and 1963 respectively
60What was Wilson paranoid about?
A challenge to his leadership, but he carefully placed his ministers so that they would be occupied with their own rivalries, rather than with him
61How was Heath a good leader?
He was young, intelligent and modernising the Conservatives to bring them greater appeal