GENG5505

Identifying stakeholders
Planning stakeholder management
Managing stakeholder expectations
Controlling stakeholder engagement

· Planning scope management
· Collecting requirements
· Defining the scope
· Creating the WBS
· Validating the scope
· Controlling the scope

· Planning schedule management
· Defining activities
· Sequencing activities
· Estimating activity resources
· Estimating activity durations
· Developing a schedule
· Controlling the schedule

· Planning cost management
· Estimating costs
· Determining the budget
· Controlling costs

· Planning quality management
· Performing quality assurance
· Controlling quality

· Planning HRM
· Acquiring a project team
· Developing the project team
· Managing the project team

· Planning communications management
· Managing communications
· Controlling communications

Identify
Assessment
Analyse
Manage
Evaluate

processes to purchase or acquire products, services, or results from outside the project team

· Excellent visual schedule
· Joint risk identification

· Complex for large projects
· No/limited timeline information
· Difficult to monitor and report
· Limited ability to display information

Positives:
· Exploration of new ideas
· Consideration of differing perspectives
· Clarification of positions and interests
· Postponed decisions
· Time to reconsider, clarify and communicate
Negative:
· Communication breakdown
· Increased hostility
· Cessation of work
· Legal action for contract breaches
· Project staff turnover

1. The client's formal acceptance of the project
2. Performance Review
3. Lessons Learnt
4. Stakeholder debrief
5. Release Resources
6. Transition
7. Record Collection

1. Forming
Everyone comes together for the first time with introductions, attempts to 'break the ice', tentative relationships, little trust, unknown goals, ambiguity in both goal and role, hidden agendas and some 'cards held close to the chest'.
2. Storming
Inevitable and natural conflict appears. This is often caused by personality clashes, team role, leadership issues or any other aspect of the team's process.
3. Norming
Closer relationships develop as the 'unwritten' rules and codes of conduct are established within the group. Team members now know what to expect from one another in their working relationship.
4. Performing
Team members are ready to perform the work they have been assigned in a united, cohesive and productive manner.
5. Adjourning
Project has reached completion and team members disband. No longer concerned with high levels of performance.

Payback Period (PBP)
Return on investment (ROI)
NPV

Client
Project Sponsor
Steering Group
Project Team Members
Project Manager

Project sponsor has ultimate accountability & responsibility for the project on behalf of the organisation. They provide leadership, overseeing the entire project and are responsible for all matters regarding the project.

Senior management team responsible for the adoption, deployment and uniform application of the project management framework. Provides guidance and ensures strategic alignment. Authorises commencement and signoff of each project phase.

-designing products with a minimal environmental impact by considering the entire lifecycle from design to disposal
Raw mats, manufacture, distribution, usage & consumption, waste disposal.

· Offer: Something that can be accepted.
· Acceptance: That can be communicated between parties.
· Intention/consent: Legally bound but freely given.
· Consideration: Promise is given back with something such as money.
· Mutuality: Neither party is disadvantaged.
· Capacity: Not under any pressure.
· Legality: Not for any illegal activity.

An agreement that sets the fee that will be paid for a defined scope of work regardless of the cost or effort to deliver it.

a method of setting prices in which the seller totals all the costs for the product and then adds an amount to arrive at the selling price

A contract type in which the buyer pays for the time and materials for the procured work. This is a simple contract, usually for smaller procurement conditions. These contract types require a not-to-exceed clause, or the buyer assumes the risk for cost overruns.

"A code of ethics functions as a commitment by the profession as a whole, that engineers will serve public health, safety and welfare."

guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people

The idea that actions are right and wrong in themselves independently of any consequences

An ethical philosophy claiming that morality's primary function is to develop virtuous character

· Protecting employees (whistle-blowers) who bring light to unethical behaviours or raise ethical issues.
· Rewarding employees who behave ethically and punish those who do not
· Admitting failure
· Communicating shared ethical values to employees
· Telling the truth

· Lacks moral component
· How much good outweighs evil?
· Can't determine full range of consequences
· Outrageous acts could seem justified
· The 'end' is an ambiguous term.

Easy to use in most situations
Built around the individual's needs for happiness
Fits well into a society that does not like rules
Can justify decisions based on the happiness principle
Fits well into a society oriented toward behaviorism

1. Trustworthiness
Trustworthiness encompasses integrity, honesty, loyalty and transparency.
2. Respect
3. Responsibility
Accountability, self-restraints
4. Fairness
Equity, impartiality
5. Caring
No harm
6. Citizenship
TBL, lifecycle thinking, obeying the law.

1. Corporate codes of ethics
2. Global codes of ethics
3. Business ethics literature

leadership that motivates subordinates by rewarding them for high performance and reprimanding them for low performance

-Individual tasks can be shown.
-Length of time for each individual task can be shown.
-Shows how long a project should take to be completed.

Traditional
Zero based
Program
Top Down
Bottom up

· A declaration or guarantee that the overall project performance (input, process & output) is evaluated on a regular basis to give all stakeholders the confidence that the relevant quality standards will be satisfied.

-Quality at the source requires doing it right the first time
*Eliminates the opportunities for waste
-As an organization continuously improves its processes, it eliminates rework and waste
*Makes the processes leaner

measurement of organizational performance in four equally important areas: finances, customers perspectives, internal operations, and innovation and learning

· Avoiding
· Competing
· Accommodating
· Collaborating
· Compromising

Political
Economic
Social
Technological
Environmental
Legal
Global

1. Reject - modify plan to eliminate risk
2. Accept - addressed as they arise
3. Mitigate - proactive action to minimize impact
4. Share - partnership with 3rd party
5. Transfer - outsourced to 3rd party
6. Enhance - actively increase probability and/or positive impacts of an opportunity
7. Exploit - ensure the identified opportunity is realised

· Supply the project with goods and services as specified and as required
· Improved relationships with key suppliers
· Balance output with both value and quality
· Increase accountability in the supply chain
· Encourage greater access to technology, premium materials

Right MATERIALS
Right PRICE
Right QUANTITY
Right QUALITY
Right SOURCE
Right REASONS
Right TIME
Right RETURN

· Moral Philosophy: Branch of philosophy that studies principles of right and wrong human conduct
· Set of guidelines
· Often culturally determined

an act is only ethical if it would be acceptable for everyone to do the same thing

people should be treated as ends and never purely as means to the ends of others

Man is the measure of all things

the tendency to see things in relation to oneself

morals affecting ethical behaviors can change based on time, the circumstances of the situation, and personal opinion

1. Case
2. Moral problem statement: i.e. Precise/specific formulation
3. Problem analysis: Clear identification of relevant elements i.e. stakeholders, moral values involved, relevant facts
4. Options for action: i.e. All possible options identified
5. Ethical Judgement: i.e. Thorough application of moral concepts, ethical theories, models and frameworks
6. Reflection: i.e. Reflect on the outcome of the previous stage
7. Morally accepted action/s: i.e. Is/Are chosen to solve the case/ethical dilemma

· No substitute for individual responsibilities in dealing with real world ethical problems
· Code may only include general wording
· Despite the value of guiding professional conduct, codes are not always the complete and final word

· Used when moral principles are clear, but a large extent of "grey area" exists
· Two paradigms are considered:
Positive Paradigm
· Something which is unambiguously morally acceptable
Negative Paradigm
· Something which is unambiguously not morally acceptable

· Executive integrity is more than the presence of morality or the appropriation of values

· Disclosure by organisation members of illegal, immoral or illegitimate practices under the control of their employers, to persons or organisations that may be able to effect action.

leadership that generates awareness and acceptance of a group's purpose and mission and gets employees to see beyond their own needs and self-interests for the good of the group

Participate
Approve
Review
Inform
Signoff

Responsible
Approve
Consult
Inform

· Adaption strategy - obeying demands and rules
· Compromise strategy - Negotiating with stakeholders
· Avoidance strategy - Losing attachment to stakeholders and their claims
· Dismissal strategy - Ignoring stakeholder demands
· Influence strategy - Dealing Proactively

A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables.

A method used to estimate the minimum project duration and determine the amount of scheduling flexibility on the logical network paths within the schedule model.

- Project first conceived
- Client's preliminary goals identified
- Project deliverables finalised
- Stakeholders identified
- Alternative approaches considered

- All work scheduled
- Resources assigned
- Quality signed off
- Costsudget finalised

- Project commences
- All work monitored and controlled

- Often referred to as closure stage
- Contracts closed
- Resources disposed of
- Final document completed and archived
- Deliverables handed over to client

- Justification of project
- Project objectives
- Deliverables
- Capability
- Uncertainties
- Assumptions
- Constraints
- Cost Requirements
- Time Requirements
- Administrative (Contracts, reporting, approval processes etc.)

PRojects IN Controlled Environments 2. A project management methodology.

uses existing budget

this years expenditures + inflation factor

allocates resources as if each budget was brand new

funds are allocated for specific programs or projects

top management prepares the budget with little or no input from middle and supervisory managers

involves lower-level managers anticipating their department's budget needs and passing them up to top management for approval

o Fact - truth, accepted by all
o Fantasy - opinions/interpretations
o Folklore - rumour, gossip
o Feelings - intuition, ego or emotion

A meeting held at the beginning of a project so that stakeholders can meet each other, review the goals of the project, and discuss future plans

Final meeting that formally brings the project to a close

1. Sacred cow (senior management)
2. Operating Necessity (operational functionality)
3. Competitive Necessity (maintain competitive edge)
4. Product Extension (Reposition of product in mkt)
5. Comparative Benefit (Subjective Choice)

Source, probability, impact, priority, strategy, responsibility, review.

Obtaining bids and proposals from vendors in response to RFPs and similar procurement documents prepared during the solicitation planning process.

IFB - Invitation to Bid
RFP - Request for proposal
RFQ - Request for quotation
EOI - Expressions of Interest
ITT - Invitation to Tender

1. Separate people from problem
2. Focus on interests, not position
3. Invent options for mutual gain
4. Insist on using objective criteria

- Murder
- Integration
- Inclusion
- Starvation
- Extinction

- Legal Test
- Duties Test
- Consequences Test
- Utilitarian Test
- Special Obligations Test
- Motives Test
- Rights Test
- Justice Test
- Sustainable Test

1. Serving and Protecting the public
2. Guidance
3. Inspiration
4. Shared Standards
5. Support for responsible professionals
6. Education and mutual understanding
7. Deterrence and discipline
8. Contributing to the profession's image

Pre-conventional morality (S1 + S2)
Conventional Morality (S3 + S4)
Post-conventional morality (S5, S6 + S7)

1. Case
2. Moral problem statement: i.e. Precise/specific formulation
3. Problem analysis: Clear identification of relevant elements i.e. stakeholders, moral values involved, relevant facts
4. Options for action: i.e. All possible options identified
5. Ethical Judgement: i.e. Thorough application of moral concepts, ethical theories, models and frameworks
6. Reflection: i.e. Reflect on the outcome of the previous stage
7. Morally accepted action/s: i.e. Is/Are chosen to solve the case/ethical dilemma

Human Rights
1. Business should support and respect protection of HR
2. Not complicit with human rights abuses

Labor
3. Uphold freedom of association and recognition of right to collective bargaining
4. Elimination of forced labour
5. Abolition of child labour
6. Elimination of discrimination in respect to employment

Environment
7. Support precautionary approach to environmental challenges
8. Undertake initiatives to promote environmental responsibility
9. Encourage development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technology

Anti-Corruption
10. Work against corruption in all its forms (extortion, bribery)

1. Support and respect human rights
2. Not comply with human rights abuses

3. Uphold freedom of association and recognition of right to collective bargaining
4. Elimination of forced labour
5. Abolition of child labour
6. Elimination of discrimination in respect to employment

7. Support precautionary approach to environmental challenges
8. Undertake initiatives to promote environmental responsibility
9. Encourage development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technology

10. Work against corruption in all its forms (extortion, bribery)

Being faithful to:
- Self and Family
- Groups and associations
- Employing organisation
- Society at large

honesty, high moral standards

- Project Stage 1: Initial Measurement to establish baseline for project planning
- Project Stage 2: BSC benchmarks included in overall project plan
- Project Stage 3: BSC measurements are implemented
- Project Stage 4: BSC measurements are reviewed