1a study of how novel drugs can be designed and developed.
medicinal chemistry
2medicinal chemistry aka
therapeutic chemistry
3 interdisciplinary research area incorporating different branches of c_________ and ______ in the research for better and new drugs (Drug Discovery).
chemistry and biology
4what type of origin is aspirin
synthetic
5what type of origin is paracetamol
synthetic
6what type of origin is chloroquine
synthetic
7what type of origin is acetylsalicylic acid
synthetic
8what type of origin is chlorpromazine
synthetic
9what type of origin is ephedrine
synthetic
10what type of origin is vincristine
natural in plants
11what type of origin is taxol
natural in plants
12what type of origin is digoxin
natural in plants
13what type of origin is quinine
natural in plants
14what type of origin is reserpine
natural in plants
15what type of origin is ergotamine
natural in plants
16what type of origin is ephedrine
natural in plants
17what type of origin is colchicine
natural in plants
18what type of origin is heparin
natural in animal
19what type of origin is insulin
natural in animal
20what type of origin is thyroid extracts
natural in animal
21what type of origin is enzymes
natural in animal
22what type of origin is
natural in animal
23what type of origin is penicillin
natural in mircoorganism
24what type of origin is streptomycin
natural in mircoorganism
25what type of origin is tetracycline
natural in mircoorganism
26what type of origin is human insulin
biosynthetic
27what type of origin is interferon
biosynthetic
28what type of origin is erythropoietin
biosynthetic
29what type of origin is hepatitis vaccine
biosynthetic
30it usually do not have any synthetic substitutes
plant based drugs
31Antibiotics are mostly derived from a variety of ____________ and
soil fungi , bacteria
32natural, in microoganism. These drugs form the most important group of ____________ agents used against infective diseases.
chemotherapeutic
33are used as there are complex molecules that may be hard to synthesize and the process of creating these drugs may also be expensive and uneconomical. There are also instances wherein natural sources may be impure.
semi-synthetic
34 Several drugs are complex polypeptides. It is difficult to obtain these drugs in pure form from natural sources and are very expensive to synthesize in the laboratory.
biosynthetic
35 are used most widely because of their inexpensiveness, ease of quality control, mass production and therapeutic efficacy. The synthetic drugs are prepared by chemical processes,
synthetic drugs
36increase heart rate and causes dryness of the mouth
marijuana and atropine
37is a depressant drug because of its depressant CNS action
alcohol
38in alkanes answer the foll. question
aka.
MP, BP ,solubility,polarity, type of compound, in vivo, common reactions
lipid soluble, saturated HC paraffins, non polar. least reactive organic compound, stable in vivo, side chai undergo hydroxylation, combustion its end product is CO2 plus water, halogenation
39in alkenes answer the foll. question
aka.
on shelf , type of compound, in vivo, common reactions
olefins, unsaturated HC , volatile alkenes + peroxide+ o= explode, combustion, addition , polymerization
40 addition reaction in which H2 is incorporated
hydrogenation
41addition reaction in which a halogen added/incorporated into molecules of an organic compound
halogenation
42a hydrogen halide is incorporated into molecules of an organic compound
hydrohalogenation
43Water is incorporated into molecules of organic compound
hydration
44 Specific calalyst are needed. A repetitous
combining of many small molecules which produces a very large molecule
polymerization
45in addition what are the symmetrical and asymmetrical
sym- hydrogenation, halogenation
asym- hydrohalogenation, hydration
46what does involve in addition and not
not- combustion
in- polymerization
49halogenation is
dihaloalkene
50hydrohalogenation is
monoaloalkene
51in aromatic hc answer the foll. question
it is based on, solubility
on shelf , type of compound, in vivo, common reactions
benzene ring, lipid soluble, stable, unsaturated cyclic HC not undergo addition, hydroxylation, epoxidation, diol formation, undergo in substitution reaction which is alkylation and halogenation
52 an alkyl group substitutes for a hydrogen atom on the
benzene ring. This is considered as the most important industrial
reaction of benzene
alkylation
53a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring
can be replaced by bromine or chlorine.
halogenation
54in alkyl halides answer the foll. question
aka.
MP, BP ,solubility, type of compound, shelf, in vivo, common reactions
halogenated HC or halogenated alkenes, MP and BP depends on the size of alkyl group and halogen atom, lipid soluble, stable in shelf , not readily metabolized, nucleophilic reaction and dehalogenation
55an organic compound in which an -OH group is bonded to a saturated carbon
atom.
alcohol
56contain both a polar and a non polar character.
alcohol
57alcohol chemical reaction in vivo
sulfation, oxidation, glucoronidation
58if oxidize primary alcohol
aldehydes wil be carboxylic acids
59if oxidize 2ndary alochol
wil be ketone
60most common reaction of alcohol
dehydration, oxidation , halogenation and combustion
61three ways alcohol leaves the the body
kidney, lungs, liver
62in liver chemically breaks down remaining alcohol to_______
acetic acid