1What does 'Blitzkrieg' mean?
German for 'Lightning War,' involving overwhelming force with tanks, troops, and air support.
2German for 'Lightning War,' involving overwhelming force with tanks, troops, and air support.
What does 'Blitzkrieg' mean?
3What event sparked World War II?
Germany's invasion of Poland.
4Germany's invasion of Poland.
What event sparked World War II?
5What was the Munich Agreement?
An agreement that sought the absorption of Czechoslovakian territory to expand Germany.
6An agreement that sought the absorption of Czechoslovakian territory to expand Germany.
What was the Munich Agreement?
7What was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
It demonstrated the power of the British Air Force against Germany.
8It demonstrated the power of the British Air Force against Germany.
What was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
9What was the outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad?
It resulted in a significant German loss and put them on the defensive.
10It resulted in a significant German loss and put them on the defensive.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad?
11What did the Great Depression cause in Europe?
It created instability and led to the rise of authoritarian regimes.
12It created instability and led to the rise of authoritarian regimes.
What did the Great Depression cause in Europe?
13How did Hitler gain power?
Through emotional manipulation and propaganda, appealing to the middle class and proletariat.
14Through emotional manipulation and propaganda, appealing to the middle class and proletariat.
How did Hitler gain power?
15What was the role of fascism in Spain during the 20th century?
Fascist groups gained control of the government until the 1970s.
16Fascist groups gained control of the government until the 1970s.
What was the role of fascism in Spain during the 20th century?
17What were the Nuremberg Laws?
Laws that restricted the rights of Jews, forbidding marriage with non-Jews and limiting employment.
18Laws that restricted the rights of Jews, forbidding marriage with non-Jews and limiting employment.
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
19What was the Holocaust?
The systematic murder of millions of Jews and other targeted groups by Nazi Germany.
20The systematic murder of millions of Jews and other targeted groups by Nazi Germany.
What was the Holocaust?
21What was the significance of D-Day?
It marked the liberation of much of Western Europe from Nazi control.
22It marked the liberation of much of Western Europe from Nazi control.
What was the significance of D-Day?
23What was the purpose of concentration camps during WWII?
To force Jews to work or to execute them in mass.
24To force Jews to work or to execute them in mass.
What was the purpose of concentration camps during WWII?
25What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Hitler's actions?
It motivated him to test the treaty and expand Germany's territory.
26It motivated him to test the treaty and expand Germany's territory.
What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Hitler's actions?
27What was the non-aggression pact between Germany and the USSR?
An agreement that allowed Germany to invade Poland without USSR interference.
28An agreement that allowed Germany to invade Poland without USSR interference.
What was the non-aggression pact between Germany and the USSR?
29What was Vichy France?
A Nazi puppet state established in France during WWII.
30A Nazi puppet state established in France during WWII.
What was Vichy France?
31What was the outcome of the invasion of Italy by the Allies?
The Allies took control of Rome after the invasion.
32The Allies took control of Rome after the invasion.
What was the outcome of the invasion of Italy by the Allies?
33What was the significance of the Pala Conference?
It aimed to establish peace and rebuild Eastern Europe post-WWII.
34It aimed to establish peace and rebuild Eastern Europe post-WWII.
What was the significance of the Pala Conference?
35How did the Allies defeat Japan in September 1945?
Through military strategies and collaboration among the remaining Allies.
36Through military strategies and collaboration among the remaining Allies.
How did the Allies defeat Japan in September 1945?
37What caused tensions before World War I?
France wanted land back and was in conflict with Britain.
38France wanted land back and was in conflict with Britain.
What caused tensions before World War I?
39What was the Eastern Front in World War I?
Battles between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia, stretching 800 miles from the Baltic Sea to Romania.
40Battles between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia, stretching 800 miles from the Baltic Sea to Romania.
What was the Eastern Front in World War I?
41What characterized the Western Front in World War I?
Mostly battles between Belgium, France, and Germany using trench warfare, resulting in a stalemate until the US entered.
42Mostly battles between Belgium, France, and Germany using trench warfare, resulting in a stalemate until the US entered.
What characterized the Western Front in World War I?
43What new technologies were used in World War I?
Faster communication and weapons made battles more efficient.
44Faster communication and weapons made battles more efficient.
What new technologies were used in World War I?
45How did World War I affect Irish citizens?
Many rebelled against Britain and suffered heavy casualties.
46Many rebelled against Britain and suffered heavy casualties.
How did World War I affect Irish citizens?
47What was the impact of the war on the Ottoman Empire?
The weakening of the Ottoman Empire led to the genocide of Armenians.
48The weakening of the Ottoman Empire led to the genocide of Armenians.
What was the impact of the war on the Ottoman Empire?
49What was the outcome of the war for the US?
The US emerged as a major power, while many large empires became decentralized.
50The US emerged as a major power, while many large empires became decentralized.
What was the outcome of the war for the US?
51What was the March Revolution?
A revolution in Russia that led to the downfall of the Tsar and the establishment of the Provisional Government.
52A revolution in Russia that led to the downfall of the Tsar and the establishment of the Provisional Government.
What was the March Revolution?
53Who led the Bolshevik Revolution?
Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky.
54Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky.
Who led the Bolshevik Revolution?
55What was the New Economic Policy (NEP)?
A policy that allowed small-scale capitalism and private ownership of businesses in Soviet Russia.
56A policy that allowed small-scale capitalism and private ownership of businesses in Soviet Russia.
What was the New Economic Policy (NEP)?
57What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles for Germany?
Germany had to give up 10% of its land and pay \$33 billion in reparations.
58Germany had to give up 10% of its land and pay \$33 billion in reparations.
What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles for Germany?
59What was the mandate system after World War I?
Colonies taken from losing countries held until deemed ready for independence by the League of Nations.
60Colonies taken from losing countries held until deemed ready for independence by the League of Nations.
What was the mandate system after World War I?
61What economic issues arose after World War I?
Debt, overproduction, and speculation led to the Great Depression.
62Debt, overproduction, and speculation led to the Great Depression.
What economic issues arose after World War I?
63What was the impact of Stalin's policies on agriculture?
Switching to collective farming caused famine and death among the Kulaks and peasants.
64Switching to collective farming caused famine and death among the Kulaks and peasants.
What was the impact of Stalin's policies on agriculture?
65What was the result of Stalin's purges?
The removal of rivals, intellectuals, and many people sent to labor camps.
66The removal of rivals, intellectuals, and many people sent to labor camps.
What was the result of Stalin's purges?
67What were the long-term causes of World War I?
Imperial competition, nationalism, and a military arms race raised tensions between the Great Powers.
68Imperial competition, nationalism, and a military arms race raised tensions between the Great Powers.
What were the long-term causes of World War I?
69What immediate event triggered the start of World War I?
The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Bosnian Serb nationalist on June 28, 1914.
70The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Bosnian Serb nationalist on June 28, 1914.
What immediate event triggered the start of World War I?
71What was the Schlieffen Plan?
Germany's military plan to quickly defeat France and then move to fight Russia.
72Germany's military plan to quickly defeat France and then move to fight Russia.
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
73Which countries were part of the Allied Powers during World War I?
Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy (from 1915), and the United States (from 1917).
74Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy (from 1915), and the United States (from 1917).
Which countries were part of the Allied Powers during World War I?
75What were the main combatants of the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
76Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
What were the main combatants of the Central Powers?
77What type of warfare characterized the Western Front in World War I?
Trench warfare, leading to a stalemate due to machine guns, barbed wire, and land mines.
78Trench warfare, leading to a stalemate due to machine guns, barbed wire, and land mines.
What type of warfare characterized the Western Front in World War I?
79How did naval warfare impact World War I?
Allied naval supremacy allowed blockades against Central Powers and facilitated troop/supply movements.
80Allied naval supremacy allowed blockades against Central Powers and facilitated troop/supply movements.
How did naval warfare impact World War I?
81What was the impact of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany?
It brought the United States into the war and contributed to the Allied victory in 1918.
82It brought the United States into the war and contributed to the Allied victory in 1918.
What was the impact of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany?
83What were some social effects of World War I?
Women became involved in the workforce and gained voting rights
84Women became involved in the workforce and gained voting rights
What were some social effects of World War I?
85 civilians faced direct targeting.
86 civilians faced direct targeting.
87What was the Paris Peace Conference?
The meeting to negotiate peace treaties after World War I, balancing idealism and punishment for Germany.
88The meeting to negotiate peace treaties after World War I, balancing idealism and punishment for Germany.
What was the Paris Peace Conference?
89What was the Treaty of Versailles?
A treaty that blamed Germany for the war, imposing reparations, disarmament, and territorial losses.
90A treaty that blamed Germany for the war, imposing reparations, disarmament, and territorial losses.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
91What principle did Wilson advocate for at the Paris Peace Conference?
National self-determination, raising expectations for colonial freedom.
92National self-determination, raising expectations for colonial freedom.
What principle did Wilson advocate for at the Paris Peace Conference?
93What was the outcome of the Russian Revolution in February 1917?
Tsar Nicholas II abdicated due to political stagnation and social inequality.
94Tsar Nicholas II abdicated due to political stagnation and social inequality.
What was the outcome of the Russian Revolution in February 1917?
95What slogan did Lenin's Bolsheviks use to gain popularity?
'All power to the soviets' and 'peace, land, and bread.'
96'All power to the soviets' and 'peace, land, and bread.'
What slogan did Lenin's Bolsheviks use to gain popularity?
97What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
The treaty that ended Russia's involvement in World War I.
98The treaty that ended Russia's involvement in World War I.
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
99What was the Red Terror?
Mass executions of political enemies carried out by the Cheka, the Communist secret police.
100Mass executions of political enemies carried out by the Cheka, the Communist secret police.
What was the Red Terror?
101What economic policy replaced War Communism in the USSR?
The New Economic Policy, which allowed some free market principles.
102The New Economic Policy, which allowed some free market principles.
What economic policy replaced War Communism in the USSR?
103What major change occurred in the USSR after Lenin's death?
Joseph Stalin consolidated control and initiated rapid industrialization and agricultural collectivization.
104Joseph Stalin consolidated control and initiated rapid industrialization and agricultural collectivization.
What major change occurred in the USSR after Lenin's death?
105What was the significance of the October Revolution?
The Bolsheviks seized power from the Provisional Government, establishing a single-party state.
106The Bolsheviks seized power from the Provisional Government, establishing a single-party state.
What was the significance of the October Revolution?
107What was the impact of World War I on the global balance of power?
The United States emerged as a major world power after the war.
108The United States emerged as a major world power after the war.
What was the impact of World War I on the global balance of power?
109What was one consequence of the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires?
The establishment of new nations and borders in Europe and the Middle East.
110The establishment of new nations and borders in Europe and the Middle East.
What was one consequence of the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires?
111How did World War I contribute to a sense of disillusionment?
The scale of death and destruction created a 'lost generation' and fostered cynicism.
112The scale of death and destruction created a 'lost generation' and fostered cynicism.
How did World War I contribute to a sense of disillusionment?
113What was the role of women during World War I?
Women participated in economic and military mobilization and gained the right to vote in many countries.
114Women participated in economic and military mobilization and gained the right to vote in many countries.
What was the role of women during World War I?
115What was the result of collectivization in the Soviet Union?
It resulted in the mass deportation and execution of kulaks and contributed to a devastating famine in Ukraine that killed millions.
116It resulted in the mass deportation and execution of kulaks and contributed to a devastating famine in Ukraine that killed millions.
What was the result of collectivization in the Soviet Union?
117What secret police did Stalin use to purge his political rivals?
The NKVD (People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs).
118The NKVD (People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs).
What secret police did Stalin use to purge his political rivals?
119What political system is characterized by the state controlling all aspects of society?
Totalitarianism.
120Totalitarianism.
What political system is characterized by the state controlling all aspects of society?
121What ideologies did fascism emphasize?
Chauvinist nationalism, militarism, authoritarianism, and anti-communism.
122Chauvinist nationalism, militarism, authoritarianism, and anti-communism.
What ideologies did fascism emphasize?
123How did Mussolini gain power in Italy?
By marching on Rome in 1922 and pressuring the king to appoint him as Prime Minister.
124By marching on Rome in 1922 and pressuring the king to appoint him as Prime Minister.
How did Mussolini gain power in Italy?
125What was the Beer Hall Putsch?
A failed attempt by Hitler and his Brownshirts to seize power in Germany in 1923.
126A failed attempt by Hitler and his Brownshirts to seize power in Germany in 1923.
What was the Beer Hall Putsch?
127What caused the Great Depression?
Speculation and overproduction led to the US stock market crash in 1929.
128Speculation and overproduction led to the US stock market crash in 1929.
What caused the Great Depression?
129What was one effect of the Great Depression?
Unemployment rates soared and trade was disrupted, leading to the rise of extremist movements.
130Unemployment rates soared and trade was disrupted, leading to the rise of extremist movements.
What was one effect of the Great Depression?
131What economic theory emerged during the Great Depression?
Keynesianism, which encouraged government spending to stimulate economic growth.
132Keynesianism, which encouraged government spending to stimulate economic growth.
What economic theory emerged during the Great Depression?
133How did Hitler come to power in Germany?
He was appointed Chancellor in 1933 after the Nazis won a plurality of seats in the Reichstag.
134He was appointed Chancellor in 1933 after the Nazis won a plurality of seats in the Reichstag.
How did Hitler come to power in Germany?
135What laws stripped Jews of their civil rights in Nazi Germany?
The Nuremberg Laws.
136The Nuremberg Laws.
What laws stripped Jews of their civil rights in Nazi Germany?
137What was the Spanish Civil War?
A conflict from 1936-39 between Nationalists and Republicans for control of Spain.
138A conflict from 1936-39 between Nationalists and Republicans for control of Spain.
What was the Spanish Civil War?
139What was the significance of the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
It allowed Hitler to invade Poland without Soviet opposition, leading to the outbreak of World War II.
140It allowed Hitler to invade Poland without Soviet opposition, leading to the outbreak of World War II.
What was the significance of the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
141What military strategy did Germany use to conquer quickly during World War II?
Blitzkrieg, which involved fast attacks using tanks and aircraft.
142Blitzkrieg, which involved fast attacks using tanks and aircraft.
What military strategy did Germany use to conquer quickly during World War II?
143What were the general reasons for Allied victory in World War II?
The Allies had superior manpower, industry, and effective coordination among leaders.
144The Allies had superior manpower, industry, and effective coordination among leaders.
What were the general reasons for Allied victory in World War II?
145What was the role of women during World War II?
Women became increasingly involved in economic production and the military.
146Women became increasingly involved in economic production and the military.
What was the role of women during World War II?
147What were the consequences for Axis powers after World War II?
They faced territorial losses, reparations, war crimes trials, and military occupation.
148They faced territorial losses, reparations, war crimes trials, and military occupation.
What were the consequences for Axis powers after World War II?
149What organization was created after World War II as a replacement for the League of Nations?
The United Nations.
150The United Nations.
What organization was created after World War II as a replacement for the League of Nations?