1The polysaccharide that stores glucose in mammalian cells is
- cellulose
- starch
- glycogen
- triglyceride
2In terms of a chemical reaction, the opposite of a condensation reaction is
- hydrolysis
- expansion
- evaporation
3Which contains more glucose by percent?
- honey
- high fructose corn syrup
- Sucrose
- corn syrup
- fructose
4Most carbohydrates in the human diet is
- from animal products
- plant-derived
5After ingestion of which one of these does blood glucose increase the slowest?
- slowly-digesting startch
- sucrose
- corn syrup
6Which type of polysaccharide could be cleaved to monomers more quickly because of a greater abundance of free ends?
- linear polymer
- branched-chain polymer
7What is the ATP “cost” of adding a glucose molecule to a glycogen polymer?
- there’s no role of ATP; the glycogen simply condenses spontaneously
- one ATP is converted to ADP when a phosphate is transferred to glucose by hexokinase. Another ATP equivalent is consumed in the transfer of a glucosyl unit to UDP and then to glycogen.
8Which contains the lowest amount (in total grams) of carbohydrate?
- liver
- blood plasma
- skeletal muscle
9This tissue does not express glucose 6-phosphatase and therefore cannot export glucose:
- kidney
- liver
- skeletal muscle
10insulin stimulates
- glycogen synthesis
- fatty acid uptake
- glucose uptake into skeletal muscle, heart, and adipose tissue
- lipolysis
- all except lipolysis
11All of these have similar effects on lipolysis and glycogenolysis EXCEPT
- nonepinephrine
- epinephrine
- glucagon
- insulin
12When a glucosyl unit is cleaved from glycogen, it comes off
- phosphorylated
- non-phospohorylated
13As exercise intensity increases
- skeletal muscle glucose uptake decreases
- protien utilization as fuel becomes more pronounced
- skeletal muscle glucose uptake increases
14When skeletal muscle glycogen levels are low in skeletal muscle
- the muscle work intensity decreases
- protien makes a contribution to oxidative substrate
- oxidation of fats increases
- all of the above
15“Hitting the wall” in a long-duration aerobic event occurs because of
- slow rate of ATP production when fat or protein are fuel compared to when carbohydrate is fuel
- decreased Krebs cycle intermediates, meaning decreased overall respiratory rate
- decreased glucose availability as fuel for the central nervous system
- all of the above
16what has a bent structure
- cis-unsaturated fatty acid
- saturated fatty acid
- trans fatty acid
17higher starting skeletal muscle glycogen levels
- increased exercise time to deal with exhaustion
- decrease exercise time to deal with exhaustion
18Which has more stored caloric content in the human body?
19When carbohydrate is the only oxidative fuel, the respiratory exchange ratio is
- about in the middle between 0.7 and 1
- 1
- 0.7
20The predominant fuel for high-intensity aerobic exercise is
- protien
- skeletal muscle glycogen
- plasma glucose
- fat
21Aerobic training ________ capacity to burn fat at rest and during submaximal aerobic exercise.
- decreases
- does not affect
- increases
22Urea production during exercise is higher for someone on a
- low carb diet
- high carb diet