Exam 2 (quest. from exam??)

Urine formation occurs as the plasma ultrafiltrate passes through the renal structures in the following order:

A. Nephron, calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder
B. Nephron, Bowman's capsule, renal pelvis, calyces, ureters, bladder
C. Glomerulus, nephron, loop of Henle, renal pelvis, calyces, bladder
D. bowman's capsule, renal calyces, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder.

As blood flows through the glomerulus, the plasma ultrafiltrate collects in Bowman's space as a results of:

A. Osmotic pressure
B. Hyperosmotic pressure
C. Hydrostatic pressure
D. Renal artery pressure

The percentage of cardiac output that flows through the kidneys per minute is:

A. 5%
B. 15%
C. 25%
D. 30%

The net filtration pressure of 10 mmHg is the result of which 4 pressures working on concert for the formation of a plasma ultrafiltrate in Bowman's space?

A. Oncotic, hydrostatic, afferent arteriole
B. Renal artery, hydrostatic, osmotic
C. hyperosmotic, oncotic, hydrostatic
D. Renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerular.

The primary producer of renin is a small endocrine organ located in the
A. podocytes
B. basement membrane
C. juxtaglomerular apparatus
D. juxtamedullary nephrons.

Water reabsorption in the collecting rubules is controled by:
A. renin
B. aldosterone
C. ADH
D. angiotensin

Which urine color is not the result of drug metabolites?
A. Red
B. Blue-Green
C. Brown
D. Red-purple

While performing UAs, the technician ran controls and began testing the specimens. He ran out of reagent strips and needed on emore to complete the run. He opened a new bottle and:
A. continued testing on the remaining specimens
B. Ran controls on the new bottle and then continuted the run
C. Aborted the run and started all over with the first specimens
D. Checked for discoloration before continuing the run.

All of the folowing are improper uses of the reagent strip, which will produce erroneous results, except:
A. Inadequate removal of excess urine from the strip
B. Blotting the edge of the reagent strip after dipping it in urine
C. Prolonged dipping of the strip in urine
D. Reading the results after all test pads have reaches full development.

Whenever the reagent pad shows a negative result for blood and the microscopic examination reveals RBCs, the technician should suspect the presence of:
A. ascorbic acid
B. peroxide
C. hemosiderin
D. porphyrin

The technician performs a micropscopic examination on urine sediment from a 35-year-old female. The findings for this specimen are:

Physical Examination Chemical Examination Microscopic Examination
Color: Amber
Clarity: Slightly hazy
Sp. Gr. 1.025
pH 6.5
Blood: Negative
Protein: Negative
LE: Negative
Nitrite: Negative
Glucose: Negative
Ketones: Negative
Bilirubin: Negative
Urobilinogen: 1.0 EU
Ascorbic acid: Negative

3-6 WBCs
0-1 Squamous epithelial cells

The best explanation for these results is:
A. The specimen was not well mixed, resulting in a negative LE result.
B. Vaginal contamination of the specimen masked the LE result.
C. An insufficient amount of leukocyte esterase was produced.
D. The specific gravity was too high, causing a false-negative LE result.

UA results on a 28-year-old female are as follows:

Physical Examination Chemical Examination Microscopic Examination
Color: Amber
Clarity: Hazy Sp. Gr. 1.035
pH 5.0
Blood: Negative
Protein: 2+
LE: Negative
Nitrite: Positive
Glucose: 500 mg/dL
Ketones: Trace
Bilirubin: Negative
Urobilinogen: 1 IU
Ascorbic acid: Negative 15-20 WBCs
5-10 RBCs
4+ Bacteria

The technician notes the discrepancy between the chemical examination findings for LE and blood (i.e., negative) and the microscopic examination findings (i.e., presence of WBCs and RBCs). Which of the following may explain the discrepancy?
A. Specific gravity, glucose, and protein
B. Glucose and protein
C. Specific gravity
D. Protein