10

1. numerical identity
2. authenticity identity
3. autonomy

what makes me the sam eperson through time

who I am really as a person

how can I make sure my own decisions and thake responsibility for them

1880: inspector Robert investigates the murder of Andre Monet

the evidence points woqards him

Ledru concludes that he must have killed Monet during his sleep, he turns himelf in

he is put into jail to test wether it could br true

he starts sleepwalking, the second night he shoots someone

judge: this is proof that Ledru did not know what he was doing when he killed Monet

the assumption is that who killed Monet and Ledru is not the same person

perosnali identity is about moral responsibility (would have agreed with the judge)

concers about afterlife

(how can we be sure that the right persons are punished or rewarded during the last judgement?)

this is not secured by the sameness of soul

perosnali identity is about moral responsibility

the problem is we are assuming the sameness of bodies

if someone dies his body disintegrate into countless particles, during the last judgement all these particles need to be reorganized in such a way as to get a person who is identical with the 'old' person

we remain the same person through time as long we have conscious memories about our previous self

our identity reaches as fac as our memory

if i consciously remeber an act, then it does not matter if my material body has changes → still act of the smae person

if i do not remeber an act done in the past, then it does not matter whether material body has not changed

*how can we decide if the perosn does or not actually remeber ?*

against the 'state of nature'

natural 'self love' that humans share with animals that predates the appereance of society (self preservation)

a bad kind of self love that depends on how others see us, and that causes vice and misery

**the emergence of society has changed the natural amour de soi into the artifical de proper**

I have to decide for myslef what concerns me (listen to my inner voice) rather than being shaped by society and conformity

each of us have an original way of being human

each person has their own 'measure

the decidion I make are authenitc insofar as they are the result of my way of living

this requires that you indeed make these decidions yourslef

he conditions and capacities that need to be in place to make your own decidions and take responsibility for them

to what extent should the governemnt create neccery conditions to exercise the capacity for autonomy

we know what is best for you and others need to respect that

autonomy as 'negative freedom' and the absence of coertion

you can do whatever you want if you do not harm the other

'autonomous decisions' are often unconsciously influnced by the environment

simply by changing the option order will give people other perspective

buying products that are eye level

the welfare state

aims to enhance the positive freedom of its citizens

make sure that they are who they really want to be

**responsive awareness of the limits of one's own knowledge as well as a responsive awareness of the limits of one's ability to independently acquire knowledge**

**When we reflect on our beliefs, desires and actions** we sometimes endorse them. Call this reflective endorsement.

allows us to resolve internal conflict, and integrate various aspects of our identity into a unfiled standpoint

1. disclosure of information
2. capacity to understand information
3. comptency to make a decision based on this
4. coluntary nature of the decision

= deliberate interventions, applying biomedical science, which aim to improve existing capacities that most or all human beings typically have, or to create a new capacity, by acting directly on the body or the brain" (Buchanan 2011)

mian effect ('treating the disorder) vs side effect( 'being happy')

e.g. Prozac , Ritalin etc