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studying temporal lobe = studying memory

memory is in medial temporal lobe

long term memory associated with amygdala and hippocampus

removal bilateral medial temporal lobe

including hippocampus and amygdala besides others

impossible to store and consolidate new information ( anterograde amnesia )

impaired in spatial and topographic learning and events that took place around him

able to learn new motor skills by repetition

long term memory pre

short term memory was intact

= the lost of existing memories or the inability of forming new memories

it stems form an event or accident that causes memory loss

1. Anterorgade amnesia
2. Retrograde amnesia

inability to make new memories

loss of memory before the event

time dependent : more recent events more likley to be lost

sensory

motor

cognitive

working memory is not always short term memory

1. explicit
2. implicit
3. emotional

conscious

1. episodic
2. semantic

personal : what i had this morning for breakfast

facts : who is the second priminister

unconscious : skills , habits , priming , conditioning

conscious and unconscious ) : attraction, avoidance fear

new learning in general like learning for neurospychology

includes frontal and temporal regions ( distinct form episodic )

more lateral temporal lobe in left hemisphere

more repetioiton = more lateralised

hippocampus is essential ( medial temporal lobe )

after reading the same text over and over again → transported to lateral temporal cortex ( location of semantic memory )

in explicit memory the temporal lobe structures plays one of the most important roles

to remember : that medial thalamus plays a role as well

the basal ganglia

implicit memory can be seen in experiments such as mirror tests

patient HM was able to master a skill the more he was rehersing it

he could not remeber the task however he did it faster and faster each time

amygdala is the most important part of the circuit

participates in autobiographical memory

there is a pattern of hemispheric asymmetry between memory encodic and retrieval

**hemispheric encoding and retrieval asymmetry**

more encoding of semantic than retrieving it

more encoding of episodic than retrieving it

more retrieval of episodic memory

left oribitofrontal cortex active during memory encoding of words/series of words

these regions do not retrieve the information

right dorsal prefrontal cortex and posterioir parietal cortex in both hemispheres are activated in retrieval

esion : dorsomedial part thalamus + frontal

also called diecephalic amnesia

prolonged excessive alcohol abuse , low vit B1 deficit

anterograde / retrograde amnesia

confabulations

coversation : little informative

lack of insight

apathy/ indiference

different short term areas take part in STM

cells that code spatial vision are located in area 8 (premotor cortex)

cells that code object recognition are located in area 9 and 46 of dlPFC >

1. phonological loop ( verbal and auditory information )
2. visuospatial sketchpad (visual and spatial information )

attentional controller (distributes attention across tasks )

coordination of complex cognitive operations ( e.g. 12 x 27)

cause ( bilateral anterioir temporal lobe lesion )

symptoms

visual agnosia

changes in dietary hbits ( eats everything )

reaction to every stimulus

hyperoral behaviour (puts everything in mouth )

loss of feaar

increase in auto erotic, homo eroticor eteroerotic activity