lecture 6 *PDD*

any behaviour that lacks consideration of other's or harms other people

toddlers are the most aggresive in the world, normal behaviour (terrible 2s)

1. destructive
2. non destructive
3. covert
4. overt

property violations ( vandalism and theft )

status violations ( rule breaking , substance use )

(physical) aggresion ( bulying , fighting, assult )

temper tantrums , angry , touchy argumentative

in general physical agression decreases over time

opositionality decreases over time

vandalism not very common but they too decrease

deliquency increases a bit over time

boys engage in more antisocial behaviour than girls

increases when twe enter the teenage years

common to push boundries

same individuals over a longer period of time

when it is lofe course persisten ( 10 %)

really young signs of anti social behaviour ( 5)

we see a steady lifetime of agression

however kids who engage in physical fights at school have worst educational outcomes than the one who do not

any type of gossiping , bulying , verbal agression is considered anti social behaviour for schoolers

ls are less likely to take part in physical agression however there is not such a big difference betwen girls and boys social agression

longitudinal study (25) years

wanted to see if in between ages 7 to 9 if children would enage in even a little bit of anti social behaviour how does comapre to children who engae in a lot of antisocial behaviour at exat same time

individuals who were engagin in the highest level anti social behaviour as youth were also engagin in the highest levels of crime as adults

individuals who were engagin in the highest level anti social behaviour as youth were also engagin in the highest levels of substance use as adults

individuals who were engagin in the highest level anti social behaviour as youth , over 50% have no education

individuals who were engagin in the highest level anti social behaviour as youth were also engagin in the highest levels of teenage prregenecy, suicude attamppt and domestic violence

Disruptive , Impulse control and conduct disorders

conditions involviong impaired self control of emotions and behaviours , such that

1. these problems violate the rights of others , and/or
2. bringing the individual into significant conflict with authority figures

1. Oppositional defiant disrder (ODD)
2. Conduct disorder (CD)
3. Antisocial Personality disorder ( ASPD)
4. Intermitent explosive disorder (IED)
5. Pyromania
6. Kletomania

A. a pattern of angry irritable moods, argumentative/defient behaviour, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months, four or more symptoms form the list below, exibited during interactions with individuals other then siblings

1. Angry / irritable mood
2. Argumentative/Defiant beahviour
3. Vindictiveness

1. othen loses temperament
2. often easily annoyed
3. othen angry and resentful

angry and irritable moods bue to internalization

1. often argues with authority figures
2. often defines or refuses to comply with requests form authority
3. often blames others for his/her mistakes
4. often deliberatley annoys others

argumentative and defient behaviour due to externalization

spiteful or vindictive at least twice within the past six months

general popoulation : 1 11%

clinical population : 28 65%

A. repetitive and perssitent pattern of behaviour in which the rights of others ot age approapriate social norms or rules violated as manifested by at least three of the following

1. aggresion to people and animals
2. destruction of propertu
3. decietful or theft
4. serioaus violation of rules

genral population : 2 10%

clinical population : 16 34%

1. lack of remorse or guilt
2. callous lack of empathy
3. ncocnered about performance
4. shallow or deficient affect

childhood onset

1+syptoms < 10 years

adolescent onset

0 symptoms < 10 years

half of ODD → CD half → ASPD

maternal factors and adverse neurobiological development child

substance use

stress

poor nutrition

teen pregnancy

psychopatology

paternal substance exposire → adverse brain development

(cocine and tabaco) → ASB risk taking substance use

31% unique environemnt

common environemnt 22%

genes 47%

CD more then half to genetic explanation

abuse , neglect , inconstant , harsh BUT also single parenthood , marital porblems , parental psyhopathology , occupational difficulties m bad neighbourhood

some factors such as bad parenting can make your genetic vulaerability even worst

Social position in the classroom measured through peer nominations

Who do you like most?

Who do you like least?

rejected children are :

often nominated as 'least liked'

rearly nominated as 'liked most'

e.g. when intimidated they want to show superiority and they think that they can beat someone up in order to get to their goal as they know they are capable to do so

wehn children amp each other to do things thst we should't

limbic reward areas are influnced by limbic reward areas

begavioural problems → rekection → deviant frinds→ violence and vandalism