Lab 9: Superficial & Deep Face
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Buccinator muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Keeps food out of the oral vestibule (i.e., between teeth and cheek); assists in forceful expulsion of air from the cheeks and resists distention when blowing.
Action: Keeps food out of the oral vestibule (i.e., between teeth and cheek); assists in forceful expulsion of air from the cheeks and resists distention when blowing.
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Depressor anguli oris muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Active during frowning; depresses corners of the mouth
Action: Active during frowning; depresses corners of the mouth
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Depressor labii inferioris muscle
Depressor labii inferioris muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Depresses lower lip as expressed during sadness
Action: Depresses lower lip as expressed during sadness
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Frontalis muscle (frontal belly of occipitofrontalis)
Also called the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. Innervated by the posterior auricular nerve (first extra-cranial branch of CN VII after it exits the stylomastoid foramen).
Action: Raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead
Action: Raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead
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Innervation: Nerve to lateral pterygoid (from V3). Supplied by branches of maxillary artery.
Action: Bilaterally: protrude the jaw. Unilaterally: moves chin towards contralateral side to help grind food.
Origin: Superior head attaches to the undersurface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Inferior head attaches to the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.
Insertion: Superior head inserts onto the articular disc and joint capsule of the TMJ. Inferior head inserts onto the medial side of the neck of the mandible.
Lateral pterygoid muscle
Innervation: Nerve to lateral pterygoid (from V3). Supplied by branches of maxillary artery.
Action: Bilaterally: protrude the jaw. Unilaterally: moves chin towards contralateral side to help grind food.
Origin: Superior head attaches to the undersurface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Inferior head attaches to the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.
Insertion: Superior head inserts onto the articular disc and joint capsule of the TMJ. Inferior head inserts onto the medial side of the neck of the mandible.
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Levator anguli oris muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Lies deep to the zygomaticus muscles; elevates the corners of the mouth
Action: Lies deep to the zygomaticus muscles; elevates the corners of the mouth
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Levator labii superioris muscle
Levator labii superioris muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Elevates upper lip; deepens nasolabial sulcus
Action: Elevates upper lip; deepens nasolabial sulcus
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Masseter muscle
Innervation: Nerve to the masseter (from V3). Supplied by maxillary artery.
Action: Elevates the mandible
Origin: Zygomatic arch + Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Lateral surface of angle of mandible
Action: Elevates the mandible
Origin: Zygomatic arch + Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Lateral surface of angle of mandible
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Medial pterygoid muscle
Medial pterygoid muscle
Innervation: Nerve to medial pterygoid (from V3). Supplied by branches of maxillary artery.
Action: Bilaterally: elevate mandible; protrudes jaw. Unilaterally: helps grind food
Origin: Medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: Inner surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
Action: Bilaterally: elevate mandible; protrudes jaw. Unilaterally: helps grind food
Origin: Medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: Inner surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
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Mentalis muscle
Mentalis muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Raises and protrudes the lower lip (pouting muscle)
Action: Raises and protrudes the lower lip (pouting muscle)
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Orbicularis oculi muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Orbital part - closes eyelids forcefully. Palpebral part - closes eyelids gently during blinking
Action: Orbital part - closes eyelids forcefully. Palpebral part - closes eyelids gently during blinking
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Orbicularis oris muscle
Orbicularis oris muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Fibers encircle the mouth and purse the lips for whistling + kissing; Closes the lips and resist distention
Action: Fibers encircle the mouth and purse the lips for whistling + kissing; Closes the lips and resist distention
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Temporalis muscle
Temporalis muscle
Innervation: Deep temporal nn. (branches of Mandibular V3 of trigeminal nerve). Supplied by deep temporal arteries.
Action: Anterior fibers: elevate mandible. Posterior fibers: retract mandible. Unilaterally: lateral movement of the mandible (chewing).
Origin: Temporal fossa; covered by temporal fascia
Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible
Action: Anterior fibers: elevate mandible. Posterior fibers: retract mandible. Unilaterally: lateral movement of the mandible (chewing).
Origin: Temporal fossa; covered by temporal fascia
Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible
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Zygomaticus major muscle
Innervated by terminal branches of the facial nerve. Muscles of facial expression are derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
Action: Raises corners of the mouth, moves them laterally to smile
Action: Raises corners of the mouth, moves them laterally to smile
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