1What is the origin of the Trapezius muscle?
Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12
2What is the insertion of the Trapezius muscle?
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
3What is the innervation of the Trapezius muscle?
Accessory nerve (CN XI) and spinal nerves C3-C4
4What is the blood supply of the Trapezius muscle?
Transverse cervical artery
5What is the action of the Trapezius muscle?
Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula
6What is the origin of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Spinous processes of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3-4 ribs
7What is the insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
8What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
9What is the blood supply of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Thoracodorsal artery
10What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus
11What is the origin of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Transverse processes of C1-C4
12What is the insertion of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Medial border of the scapula superior to the root of the spine
13What is the innervation of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) and cervical nerves C3-C4
14What is the blood supply of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Dorsal scapular artery and transverse cervical artery
15What is the action of the Levator Scapulae muscle?
Elevates the scapula and tilts the glenoid cavity inferiorly
16What is the origin of the Rhomboid Major muscle?
Spinous processes of T2-T5
17What is the insertion of the Rhomboid Major muscle?
Medial border of the scapula from the root of the spine to the inferior angle
18What is the innervation of the Rhomboid Major muscle?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
19What is the blood supply of the Rhomboid Major muscle?
Dorsal scapular artery
20What is the action of the Rhomboid Major muscle?
Retracts and elevates the scapula
21What is the origin of the Rhomboid Minor muscle?
Spinous processes of C7-T1
22What is the insertion of the Rhomboid Minor muscle?
Medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine
23What is the innervation of the Rhomboid Minor muscle?
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
24What is the blood supply of the Rhomboid Minor muscle?
Dorsal scapular artery
25What is the action of the Rhomboid Minor muscle?
Retracts and elevates the scapula
26What is the origin of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
Clavicular head (anterior surface of medial half of clavicle) and sternocostal head (anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique)
27What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
Lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
28What is the innervation of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
29What is the blood supply of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery and perforating branches of internal thoracic artery
30What is the action of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
Adducts and medially rotates the humerus; clavicular head flexes humerus, sternocostal head extends flexed humerus
31What is the origin of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
External surfaces of ribs 3-5 near their costal cartilages
32What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Coracoid process of the scapula
33What is the innervation of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Medial pectoral nerve
34What is the blood supply of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery and superior thoracic artery
35What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
36What is the origin of the Subclavius muscle?
First rib and its costal cartilage
37What is the insertion of the Subclavius muscle?
Middle third of inferior surface of clavicle
38What is the innervation of the Subclavius muscle?
Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)
39What is the blood supply of the Subclavius muscle?
Clavicular branch of thoracoacromial artery and thoracoacromial trunk
40What is the action of the Subclavius muscle?
Anchors and depresses clavicle
41What is the origin of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
External surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8
42What is the insertion of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Costal surface of medial border of scapula
43What is the innervation of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
44What is the blood supply of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Lateral thoracic artery and thoracodorsal artery
45What is the action of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula superiorly
46What is the origin of the Deltoid muscle?
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
47What is the insertion of the Deltoid muscle?
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
48What is the innervation of the Deltoid muscle?
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
49What is the blood supply of the Deltoid muscle?
Posterior circumflex humeral artery and deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery
50What is the action of the Deltoid muscle?
Clavicular part flexes and medially rotates arm; acromial part abducts arm; spinal part extends and laterally rotates arm
51What is the origin of the Teres Major muscle?
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
52What is the insertion of the Teres Major muscle?
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
53What is the innervation of the Teres Major muscle?
Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
54What is the blood supply of the Teres Major muscle?
Subscapular artery and circumflex scapular artery
55What is the action of the Teres Major muscle?
Adducts and medially rotates arm
56What is the origin of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
57What is the insertion of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
58What is the innervation of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
59What is the blood supply of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular artery
60What is the action of the Supraspinatus muscle?
Initiates and assists abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles
61What is the origin of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
62What is the insertion of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
63What is the innervation of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
64What is the blood supply of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Suprascapular artery and circumflex scapular artery
65What is the action of the Infraspinatus muscle?
Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint
66What is the origin of the Teres Minor muscle?
Middle part of lateral border of scapula
67What is the insertion of the Teres Minor muscle?
Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
68What is the innervation of the Teres Minor muscle?
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
69What is the blood supply of the Teres Minor muscle?
Circumflex scapular artery and posterior circumflex humeral artery
70What is the action of the Teres Minor muscle?
Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint
71What is the origin of the Subscapularis muscle?
Subscapular fossa
72What is the insertion of the Subscapularis muscle?
Lesser tubercle of humerus
73What is the innervation of the Subscapularis muscle?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
74What is the blood supply of the Subscapularis muscle?
Subscapular artery
75What is the action of the Subscapularis muscle?
Medially rotates arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint
76What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii muscle?
Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula; Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
77What is the insertion of the Biceps Brachii muscle?
Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
78What is the innervation of the Biceps Brachii muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
79What is the blood supply of the Biceps Brachii muscle?
Brachial artery
80What is the action of the Biceps Brachii muscle?
Supinates forearm and flexes forearm at elbow
81What is the origin of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Tip of coracoid process of scapula
82What is the insertion of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
83What is the innervation of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
84What is the blood supply of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Brachial artery
85What is the action of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Flexes and adducts arm
86What is the origin of the Brachialis muscle?
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
87What is the insertion of the Brachialis muscle?
Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
88What is the innervation of the Brachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6) and radial nerve
89What is the blood supply of the Brachialis muscle?
Muscular branches of brachial artery and recurrent radial artery
90What is the action of the Brachialis muscle?
Major flexor of forearm at elbow joint
91What is the origin of the Triceps Brachii muscle?
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove; Medial head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
92What is the insertion of the Triceps Brachii muscle?
Proximal end of olecranon process of ulna
93What is the innervation of the Triceps Brachii muscle?
Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
94What is the blood supply of the Triceps Brachii muscle?
Deep brachial artery (profunda brachii)
95What is the action of the Triceps Brachii muscle?
Chief extensor of forearm at elbow joint
96What is the origin of the Anconeus muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
97What is the insertion of the Anconeus muscle?
Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
98What is the innervation of the Anconeus muscle?
Radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)
99What is the blood supply of the Anconeus muscle?
Middle collateral artery and recurrent interosseous artery
100What is the action of the Anconeus muscle?
Assists triceps in extending forearm and stabilizes elbow joint
101What is the origin of the Pronator Teres muscle?
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus; Ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
102What is the insertion of the Pronator Teres muscle?
Middle of lateral surface of radius
103What is the innervation of the Pronator Teres muscle?
Median nerve (C6, C7)
104What is the blood supply of the Pronator Teres muscle?
Ulnar artery and anterior interosseous artery
105What is the action of the Pronator Teres muscle?
Pronates and flexes forearm at elbow
106What is the origin of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
107What is the insertion of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?
Base of second and third metacarpals
108What is the innervation of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?
Median nerve (C6, C7)
109What is the blood supply of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?
Radial artery
110What is the action of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?
Flexes and abducts hand at wrist
111What is the origin of the Palmaris Longus muscle?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
112What is the insertion of the Palmaris Longus muscle?
Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
113What is the innervation of the Palmaris Longus muscle?
Median nerve (C7, C8)
114What is the blood supply of the Palmaris Longus muscle?
Ulnar artery
115What is the action of the Palmaris Longus muscle?
Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis
116What is the origin of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus; Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna
117What is the insertion of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal
118What is the innervation of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
119What is the blood supply of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Ulnar artery
120What is the action of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Flexes and adducts hand at wrist
121What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, and coronoid process of ulna; Radial head: superior half of anterior border of radius
122What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Shafts of middle phalanx of medial four digits
123What is the innervation of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
124What is the blood supply of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Ulnar artery and radial artery
125What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Flexes middle phalanx at proximal interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx at metacarpophalangeal joints
126What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle?
Proximal three-fourths of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
127What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle?
Bases of distal phalanges of medial four digits
128What is the innervation of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle?
Lateral part by anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve C8, T1); medial part by ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
129What is the blood supply of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle?
Ulnar artery and anterior interosseous artery
130What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus muscle?
Flexes distal phalanges of medial four digits, assists in flexing hand
131What is the origin of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
132What is the insertion of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
133What is the innervation of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8, T1)
134What is the blood supply of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Anterior interosseous artery
135What is the action of the Flexor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Flexes phalanges of thumb
136What is the origin of the Pronator Quadratus muscle?
Distal fourth of anterior surface of ulna
137What is the insertion of the Pronator Quadratus muscle?
Distal fourth of anterior surface of radius
138What is the innervation of the Pronator Quadratus muscle?
Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8, T1)
139What is the blood supply of the Pronator Quadratus muscle?
Anterior interosseous artery
140What is the action of the Pronator Quadratus muscle?
Pronates forearm
141What is the origin of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Proximal two-thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
142What is the insertion of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
143What is the innervation of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
144What is the blood supply of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Radial recurrent artery
145What is the action of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Weakly flexes forearm at elbow
146What is the origin of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
147What is the insertion of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?
Dorsal aspect of base of second metacarpal
148What is the innervation of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?
Radial nerve (C6, C7)
149What is the blood supply of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?
Radial recurrent artery
150What is the action of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus muscle?
Extends and abducts hand at wrist
151What is the origin of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
152What is the insertion of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?
Dorsal base of third metacarpal
153What is the innervation of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?
Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
154What is the blood supply of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?
Radial recurrent artery
155What is the action of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle?
Extends and abducts hand at wrist
156What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
157What is the insertion of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Extensor expansions of medial four digits
158What is the innervation of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Deep branch of radial nerve (posterior interosseous nerve C7, C8)
159What is the blood supply of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
160What is the action of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Extends medial four digits at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
161What is the origin of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
162What is the insertion of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Extensor expansion of little finger
163What is the innervation of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Deep branch of radial nerve (posterior interosseous nerve C7, C8)
164What is the blood supply of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
165What is the action of the Extensor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Extends little finger at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
166What is the origin of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
167What is the insertion of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Base of fifth metacarpal
168What is the innervation of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Deep branch of radial nerve (posterior interosseous nerve C7, C8)
169What is the blood supply of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
170What is the action of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris muscle?
Extends and adducts hand at wrist
171What is the origin of the Supinator muscle?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, and crest of ulna
172What is the insertion of the Supinator muscle?
Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius
173What is the innervation of the Supinator muscle?
Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
174What is the blood supply of the Supinator muscle?
Radial recurrent artery and posterior interosseous artery
175What is the action of the Supinator muscle?
Supinates forearm
176What is the origin of the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior surfaces of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
177What is the insertion of the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Base of first metacarpal
178What is the innervation of the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
179What is the blood supply of the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
180What is the action of the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Abducts and extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint
181What is the origin of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane
182What is the insertion of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
183What is the innervation of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
184What is the blood supply of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
185What is the action of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Extends proximal phalanx and metacarpal of thumb
186What is the origin of the Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane
187What is the insertion of the Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
188What is the innervation of the Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
189What is the blood supply of the Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
190What is the action of the Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle?
Extends distal phalanx of thumb
191What is the origin of the Extensor Indicis muscle?
Posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane
192What is the insertion of the Extensor Indicis muscle?
Extensor expansion of index finger
193What is the innervation of the Extensor Indicis muscle?
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
194What is the blood supply of the Extensor Indicis muscle?
Posterior interosseous artery
195What is the action of the Extensor Indicis muscle?
Extends index finger and helps extend hand at wrist
196What is the innervation of the Lumbricals of the hand?
Lateral two by median nerve, medial two by deep branch of ulnar nerve
197What is the blood supply of the Lumbricals of the hand?
Superficial and deep palmar arches
198What is the action of the Lumbricals of the hand?
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
199What is the innervation of the Dorsal Interossei of the hand?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
200What is the blood supply of the Dorsal Interossei of the hand?
Deep palmar arterial arch and dorsal metacarpal arteries
201What is the action of the Dorsal Interossei of the hand?
Abduct fingers away from middle finger and flex MCP joints while extending IP joints
202What is the innervation of the Palmar Interossei of the hand?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
203What is the blood supply of the Palmar Interossei of the hand?
Deep palmar arterial arch and palmar metacarpal arteries
204What is the action of the Palmar Interossei of the hand?
Adduct fingers toward middle finger and flex MCP joints while extending IP joints
205What is the innervation of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1)
206What is the blood supply of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
207What is the action of the Abductor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Abducts thumb
208What is the innervation of the Opponens Pollicis muscle?
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1)
209What is the blood supply of the Opponens Pollicis muscle?
Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
210What is the action of the Opponens Pollicis muscle?
Opposes thumb by flexing and rotating it medially to touch other fingertips
211What is the innervation of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Superficial head by recurrent branch of median nerve; deep head by deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
212What is the blood supply of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Superficial palmar arch and radial artery
213What is the action of the Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscle?
Flexes thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
214What is the innervation of the Adductor Pollicis muscle?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
215What is the blood supply of the Adductor Pollicis muscle?
Deep palmar arterial arch
216What is the action of the Adductor Pollicis muscle?
Adducts thumb toward lateral side of index finger
217What is the innervation of the Abductor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
218What is the blood supply of the Abductor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Ulnar artery and superficial palmar arch
219What is the action of the Abductor Digiti Minimi muscle?
Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
220What is the innervation of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis muscle?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
221What is the blood supply of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis muscle?
Ulnar artery and superficial palmar arch
222What is the action of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis muscle?
Flexes proximal phalanx of little finger
223What is the innervation of the Opponens Digiti Minimi muscle?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
224What is the blood supply of the Opponens Digiti Minimi muscle?
Ulnar artery and superficial palmar arch
225What is the action of the Opponens Digiti Minimi muscle?
Draws little finger anteriorly and rotates it to oppose thumb