1孔子/孔夫子/孔老夫子
Confucius (Kǒngzǐ; kǒng fū zǐ; kǒng lǎo fū zǐ)
2论语
Analects of Confucius (Lúnyǔ) is an ancient Chinese book composed of a large collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been compiled and written by Confucius's followers.
3父母在，不远游。游必有方。
While a person's parents are alive, they should not travel far away. If they do travel, they must have a fixed place to go. (fù mǔ zài, bù yuǎn yóu, yóu bì yǒu fāng)
4仁
benevolence; kindness; humanity (rén )
5孝顺
filial piety; to be obedient to one's parents (xiào shùn) (孝 = filial piety; 顺= to follow; to be obedient)
6己所不欲，勿施于人。
Do as you would be done by (jǐ suǒ bú yù, wù shī yú rén)
己 = 自己； 不欲 = 不想要； 勿 = 别； 施于人 = 给别人
7子曰
(zǐ yū) Confucius said (曰 = 说; This character looks like 日, but it's flatter and wider)
8生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。
When your parents are alive, serve them according to ritual. When they die, bury them according to ritual and make sacrifices to them according to ritual (shēng, shì zhī yǐ lǐ; sì; zàng zhī yǐ lǐ, jì zhī yǐ lǐ)
original text -
孟懿子问孝。子曰：「无违。」樊迟御，子告之曰：「孟孙问孝于我，我对曰：『无违。』」樊迟曰：「何谓也？」子曰：「生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。」
Meng Yizi asked Confucius about filial devotion. Confucius said: "Never disobey." While Fan Chi was driving him in his chariot, Confucius told him: "Meng Yizi asked me about filial devotion and I replied: 'Never disobey.'" Fan Chi asked: "What does that mean?" Confucius replied: "When your parents are alive, serve them according to ritual. When they die, bury them according to ritual and make sacrifices to them according to ritual."
10孝道
filial piety (xiàodào) (the way of filial piety)
11尽孝道/尽孝
show filial piety to parents (jìn xiào dào; jìn xiào)
12当仁不让于师。
"As for the problem of humanity, we shouldn't modestly yield precedence even to a teacher." (dāng rén bú ràng yú shī)
In modern Chinese, 当仁不让 is used as an idiom.
13儒家
(rú jiā) Confucianism; Confucian school, founded by Confucius 孔子[Kǒng zǐ] (551-479 BC) and Mencius 孟子[Mèng zǐ] (c. 372-c. 289 BC); 家 here means school of knowledge 儒 means scholar
14中心思想
core principle/idea (zhōng xīn sī xiǎng)
15具体
concrete, specific, exact (jù tǐ)
16表现
(v./n.) to show, display; performance
17行为
action; conduct; behavior; activity (xíng wéi )
18己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人
The man of humanity wishing to be successful himself, seeks to help others to be successful; wishing to develop himself, seeks to help others to develop. (jǐ yù lì ér lì rén, jǐ yù dá ér dá rén)
original text -
夫仁者，己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人
19父母之年，不可不知也。一则以喜，一则以惧。
Confucius said, "You cannot be unaware of your parents' birthdays and age. On the one hand, you are happy for their good health; but on the other hand, you are anxious about their decrepitude." (fù mǔ zhī nián, bù kě bù zhī yě, yī zé yǐ xǐ, yī zé yǐ jù) 之 here mean 的； 惧 = fear 恐惧