FINAL EXAM

Guilhem IX de Retitieu (1071-1126)

provencal, french

1-7 stanzas, 8-20 lines in each stanza with 11 syllables

leopard

lion

she-wolf

resides in limbo, 1st circle of Inferno, our guide

vita nuova (the New Life), convivo (the Banquet), Monarchia (Monarchy)

Illustrious, cordial, courtly, curial

14 hendecasyllables, 2 quatrains (ABBA or ABAB), 2 tercets (CDE/CDC/etc)

lover (poet), the lord husband (patron of poet), lady (wife of lord and beloved of the poet): love must be kept a secret since the lady is married and wife to lord, patron of poet

mandelbaum uses __ sylable lines for translation

commit sin of lust

devils push then in pit of boiling blood, put on show but no bite

betrayed his own party to Ruggieri, put in solitary confinment with his children and starved to death

3 FACES, wings like a bat, biger than giants; chewing on Judas, Brutis, Cassius (greatest traitors); wings freeze the 9th pit, submerged up to the waist in the ice

senses of scripture: teaches history

senses of scripture: what you should believe: moral teachings, meta literary issues

senses of scripture: what you should do

senses of scripture: where we are going

face of innocent man, body is half reptile half hairy beast, scorpion stinger at the end of his tail; symbolizes fraud, physical transistion into lower layers of hell

explain the law of coutner penalty

5 above punish incontience: lustful, gluttons, avaricious and prodigals, wrathful, limbo; then violent, fradulent, and traitors

prophecy of Dante's exile: the dammed see only the distant future, but see less and less as the future is approached by the present (which they cant see)

souls arrive to purgatory

an excommunicate: refused to submit to authority of church, wait on shore for 30X time they spent as excommunicates

bend down forced to carry heavy rocks (equal to pride in life)

2 kinds of love: love is related to Dante's idea of God, and to the way in which human beings ought, for Dante, to relate to each other in order to merit salvation. On the other hand, love is also seen as a desire for things or people in the world.

on terrace of gluttonous, Forese was a childhood friend of Dante in Florence and a relative of Dante's wife (Gemma Donati, sent shady letters back and forth

pagen, death by suicide (b/c senators incorruptible nature agaisnt cesar); asks virgil to tie reed around dante's waist and cleanse him of filth from hell

poets of purgatory: poetical father of dante

poets of purgatory: speaks provencal in canto XXVI

poets of purgatory: troubador poet

poets of purgatory: big fan of virgil, wrote theabid and achillied

mountain island on southern hemisphere; antepurgatory for negligent: excommunicates, late repentent, late-repentent dead by violence, negligent rulers; purgatory proper (7 terraces and topped by earthly paradise): pride, envy, wrath, sloth, avarice and prodigality, gluttony, and lust

7 candelabra, 7 pennants, 24 elders, 4 animals, 1 griffin/ gryphon, 1 chariot with 2 wheels, 3 ladies by the right wheel, 4 ladies by left wheel, 2 elders, 4 elders, 1 elder

originally meant park/enclosed garden, the garden of eden

resides in sphere of moon for souls who abandonnedtheir vows and deficient in fortitude

explains lunar spots

resides in MERCURY for souls who acted for honor and fame; explains history and fuction of roman empire

dantes doubt of predestination, explained is sphere of jupiter by ...

where the blessed reside, beyond understood time/ space, and surrounds/ contains the universe

member of order of dominicans, great catholic philosopher (angelic DR); praises St. Francis: good EX of poverty in church

appears in jupiter: learn that universe cant hold god's goodness and proven by Adams fall, no one goes to heaven with out christian faith but will rise faster than people who force it down peoples throats, god chooses who he saves

the contemplatives, see golden ladder

geocentric with earth at center of cosmos; 9 heavens: moon, mercury, venus, sun, mars, jupiter, fixed stars, priam mobile; empyrean: real heaven around everything, god resides with angles and blessed

Date great great grandfather, died fighting in crusade; predicts Dantes exile

Dante exams: faith, love/charity, hope

exam on faith

exam of love/ charity

exam on hope

fath is substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen; bible and presence of god in history means no other mircales needed

bright light of 9 rings of flame: closest to middle moves fastest and gets slower as you move outward; each ring represents an angelic intelligence: seraphim, cherubim, thrones, dominions, virtues, powers, principalities, archangels, angels

sees a river of red-gold light flowing between 2 flowered river banks, sparks rise and fall from river

12th century benedictive monk and conteplative theologian; REPLACES BEATRICE in empyrean after he drinks from river

represented as 3 circles all different colors but same size: second circle reflects the first, and thrid is firey with love exuded from first 2