Laboratory Practical Final

not likely to pose a disease risk to healthy adults

-poses moderate risk to healthy adults
-unlikely to spread throughout community
-effective tx available

-can cause disease in healthy adults
-can spread to community
-effective tx available

-cause disease in healthy adults
-lethal risk
-does not respond to vaccines or antimicrobial therapy

-protection of personal and immediate laboratory environment from exposure to infectious agents

protection of environment external to lab, faculty design and operational practices

-laboratory practice and technique
-safety equipment
-facility design

-virulence
-pathogenicity
-antibiotic resistance patterns
-vaccines and tx availability

-no safety equipment
-sinks required

-physical separation by biosafety cabinents (BSC)
-negative airflow into lab

autoclave waste, gloves and eyeware, lab coat as needed

-physical separation
-negative airflow into lab

-70% alcohol
-2% glutaraldehyde

-defined as destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
-cidal (kills them)

-arrests growth (bacteriostatic, fungistatic, virustatic_

antisepsis

-70% alcohol scrub
-10% betadine
-4% chlorhexidine gluconate

-sodium hypochlorite
-alcohol
-hydrogen peroxide
-lysol
-iodophor
-mouthash

2 minutes

-E. coli no growth at 2 min
-B. mega no impacted

-E. coli no effect (small after 10 min)
-B. mega no effect

-E. coli no growth after 0 min
-B. mega growth decreased as time went on

-E. coli no growth at 0 min
-B. mega no impact on growth

-took out E.coli after 2 min
-B. mega decreased over time

-E.coli taken out at 2 min
-no impact on B. mega

-bleach
-ethanol
-lysol
-betadine
-mouthwash
-expired decon

-Lysol over time
-mouthwash
-new bleach after 15 min

when nutrients is removed, last ditch effort

-crystal violet

-it shrinks the latticework of peptidoglycan molecules holding the crystal violet iodine tighter

-outer lipopolysaccharide layer of wall is dissolved by decolorizer agents, leached out

-age of culture
-amount of decolorizer used
-time of decolorization
-type of organism
-thickness of smear
-state of the stainer

-18-48 hrs

-1.5-2% agar (adjusted as needed for baterial motility)

-movement of bacteria and diffusion of molecules is less restricted

shaking liquid cultures greatly increases the movement of molecules and gas exchange (accommodate fast growth rates)

reduces bacterial contamination from the lid and possibility of water condensation on the lid dropping on the agar

-place upside down in 37 incubator with top cracked

-heat kill and fix organisms to the slide

visible mass of microorganisms all originating from a single mother cell

colony

-cultural characteristics of bacterium on agar plate

-culturing a colony from a cultured colony

pin point size

circle like, clearly defined borders

no symmetry

-branched out from center (like dandelion)

thick roots

circles almost like a dart board

round and smooth

dandilion looking

looks like a gear

cloud-shaped edges

-raised, flat, convex, umbonate, growth into medium

-shape, elevation, margin

opacity, surface, texture

-transparent
-opaque
-translucent
-iridescent

-smooth
-glistening
rough
-dull
rugose (wrinkled)

-butyrous (buttery)
-viscid (sticks to looop)
-britle/friable (dry, breaks apart)
-mucoid (sticky, mucus-like)

-alive ones capbale of binary fission
-dead bacteria

-dilute the cells and replate them so newly formed colonies can be counted, then multiply value by dilution factor

-viable cells (alive and capable of binarry fission)

-density of bacteria in culture (indirect estimation of bacteria count)

-detecting optical density (amount of light the culture absorbs or scatters) in the 600 nm wavelength

-cannot discriminate between live and dead bacteria

log phase of growth