1Alliteration
use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse
2Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds without repeating consonants.
3Ballad
a song or songlike poem that tells a story, often dealing with adventure or romance
4Blank verse
unrhymed form of poetry (usually in iambic pentameter)
5Caesura
a pause or break within a line of poetry
6Canto
a major division of a long poem
7Concrete Poem
A poem is one with a shape that suggests its subject. The poet arranges the letters, punctuation, and lines to create an image on the page.
8Consonance
repetition of consonant sounds within words although - it is similar to alliteration, consonance is not limited to the first letters of words
9Elegy
a mournful poem, esp. one lamenting the dead
10Epic Poem
a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds
11End Rhyme
rhyme that occurs at the end of two or more lines of poetry
12Enjambment
when one line ends without a pause and continues into the next line for its meaning
13Figurative Language
Writing or speech that is used to create vivid impressions by setting up comparisons between dissimilar things, [examples are metaphor, simile, and personification.
14Free verse
consists of lines of poetry that do not have a regular rhythm and do not rhyme
15Foot
The smallest repeated pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poetic line.
16Haiku
a major form of Japanese verse, written in 17 syllables divided into 3 lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables, and employing highly evocative allusions and comparisons, often on the subject of nature or one of the seasons.
17Internal Rhyme
A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line
18Limerick
A five line humorous poem in which lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme and lines 3 and 4 rhyme.
19Lyric Poem
a short poem of songlike quality that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker
20Meter
The rhythmical pattern in a poem. The pattern is determined by the number of stresses or beats in each line.
21Narrative Poem
A poem that tells a story. A narrative poem often has all the elements of a short story, including characters, conflict, and plot.
22Ode
a lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject
23Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate sounds. Crush, buzz, hiss, jingle,clank are examples.
24Refrain
A regularly repeated line or group of lines in a poem or song - often at the end of each stanza.
25Repetition
repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis
26Rhyme Scheme
the pattern of end rhymes in a poem- to indicate rhyme scheme of a poem one uses lowercase letters. Each rhyme is assigned a different letter.
27Rhythm
The regular or random occurrence of sound in poetry. Regular rhythm is called meter. Random occurrence is called free verse.
28Shakespearean (English) Sonnet
a sonnet form that divides the poem into three units of four lines (three quatrains) each and a final unit of two lines (one couplet), usually abab cdcd efef gg
29Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet
a poem two parts: an octave of eight lines and a sestet of six; the octave rhyme pattern is "abba abba"; the sestet's lines are "cde cde"
30Stanza
a fixed number of lines of verse forming a unit of a poem
31Couplet
a stanza consisting of two successive lines of verse
32Tercet
Three line stanza
33Quatrain
a stanza of four lines
34Cinquain
a five line stanza
35Sestet
a rhythmic group of six lines of verse
36Heptastich
7 line stanza
37Octave
a rhythmic group of eight lines of verse
38Verse
a metric line of poetry
39Three Pillars of Poetry
Music, Emotion and Imagery
40White Space
Used by Poets For Emotional Impact
41Iambic Pentameter
A line consisting of 10 syllables of alternating stressed and unstressed syllables (Example-Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet)
42verse
a unit of poetry such as a stanza or a line
43blank verse
unrhymed iambic pentameter
44free verse
poetry free of any restrictions; poetry not tied to a particular pattern
45figurative language
language that communicates beyond the literal meaning of the words
46personification
giving an animal or inanimate object human qualities or emotions
47hyperbole
using extreme exaggeration to make a point
48simile
comparing two things using "like" or "as"
49metaphor
comparing two things without using "like" or "as"
50imagery
concrete details which appeal to the senses so that we can see or sense what is being written about
51connotation
the attitudes and feelings associated with a word
52denotation
the literal or dictionary definition of a word
53diction
the author's choice of words
54rhyme scheme
the pattern in which rhyme sounds occur in a stanza
55rhythm
the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
56meter
the recurrence of a rhythmic pattern in poetry
57alliteration
the repetition of initial consonant sounds in words
58refrain
the repetition of one or more phrases or lines at intervals in a poem
59onomatopoeia
the use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning
60stanza
a division of a poem based on thought or form
61couplet
two lines of verse that rhyme a-a
62quatrain
four rhymed lines that can take various forms
63heroic couplet
two successive rhyming verses that contain a complete thought within two lines and usually consists of iambic pentameter
64narrative poem
a poem that tells a story
65lyric poem
a short poem that expresses emotional feelings
66sonnet
a 14 line poem stating the poet's personal feelings
67elegy
a poem that states a poet's sadness about the death of an important person
68ballad
a poem in verse that tells a story
69ode
a poem of high seriousness written on a variety of topics
70haiku
a Japanese form of poetry using natural imagery to convey a sense of mystery
71limerick
a humorous verse of five lines
72visual poetry
poetry that depends for its effects largely upon the layout of the words on the page
73found poem
a poem that has not been deliberately composed but discovered, by chance, in some other context