Anatomy Unit 10: Respiratory System

The cavity posterior to the nose, traps particles & warms incoming air

3 ridges in the nasal cavity which increase muscosal surface area and air turbulance, allowing for more filtering

Palate made of bone that seperates nasal cavity from mouth, roof of mouth

Palate made of muscle that seperates nasal cavity from mouth, back of roof of mouth

End of nasal cavityack of mouth, prevents food from entering nasal cavity

Throat; made of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and. laryngopharynx

Nasal portion of throat

Oral portion of throat

Opening of larynx and esoophogus par tof throat

Trap and remox foreign pathogens entering throat– pharyngeal and palantine tonsils

Tonsils toward nasial cavity

Voice box

Adam's apple, large piece of cartilage that compose the larynx

Large piece of cartilage that attatches the larynx to the trachea

A flap of cartilage that protects the superior opening of the larynx. Allows air to enter while breathing and closes during eating

Elastic folds which change volune and pitch of sounds

Wind pipe, a rigid tube of about 5" thasurrounded by horseshoe shaped cartilage open in the back. This prevents the traches from collapsing, and the opening helps the posterior esophogus be flexible.

Muscular tube that carries food and liquids

2 branches of trachea which begin behind the heart.

Smaller branches of bronchi, which branch off even more until they reach the tiny air sacs of the lungs

Tiny air sacs which are clustered in grape-like bunches. Each are surrounded by capillaries

Space around lungs which produces pleural fluid, which reduces friction

Pleural fluid

The large, flat muscle conected to the ribs at the bottom of the chest cavity.

Found between each rib, connected to the diaphragm. Contraction causes inspiration and expiration.

Warms incoming air in the nasal cavity and traps foreign objects

Done by vocal cords. Volume in controlled through pushing more air, pitch is controlled by changing tension and thickness, and articulation is done by lips, mouth, and tongue.

Located in the nasal mucosa, direct debris toward throat for digestion

Surround nasal cavity; lighten skill, resonate speech, and produce mucus

When gasses are exchanges between pulmonary vessels and alveoli (preceded by breathing)

Exchange of gasses between blood and body tissues

Breathing in

Amount of additional air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation amount

The amount of additional air that can be inhaled conciously

Amount of air someone can conciously exchange with the environment (inspiration and expiration)

Amount of air remaining in lungs after a forced exhalation (can't get rid of)

The amount of air exchanged by the lungs at rest

Occurs in the respiratory zone. Carbon dioxide moves out of the capillaries into the aveoli, and O2 moves into the aveoli

Vital capacity + residual volume

Part of brain/spinal cord that controls breathing

An increased amount of CO2 in the blood (gas exchange not happening) makes it turn to carbonic acid, which decreases the pH of the blood.

Traps particles, warms air more

The left lung only has 2 lobes, and has the cardiac notch

Internal respiration is when gasses are exchange between blood and the body tissues, and external respiration is when gasses are exchange between aveoli and blood

The higher pressure of oxygen in the lungs moves to the lower pressure in the blood, and the higher pressure of CO2 in the blood moves to the lower pressure in the lungs until both sides are equal.