Anatomy Unite 7: Special Senses

Touch receptor

Temperature receptor

Pain receptors

Chemical receptors

Light receptors

End in epidermis, detect pain, temp, touch, and pressure

Detect light touch on hairless skin

Detect light touch and pressure in epidermis

Detect movement of hair

Detect deep pressure and stretching of the skin

Detect deep pressure and vibrations

When receptors contat a substance continually, bebcoming insensitive to it

All over retina, sense low-light

In center of retina, detect colors

Near-sightedness

Far-sightedness

A surgery that fixes myopia by shaving off part of the cornea to fix focus

2nd cause of blindness in US, pressure builds from aqueous humor not being anle to drain and so damages the optic nerve

Clouding of the lens as proteins break down

3 joined bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) in middle ear that amplify sounds

Tiny part of cochlea that creates an impulse

Receptor cells in cochlea that help maintain static equilibrium at rest. Provide info to keep head upright

Calcium salts on the membrane in the ear. When they move, receptor cells send signal that the head is moving

3 semicircular canals at right angles to each other above the cochlea filled with fluid that help maintain dynamic equilibrium

Cells in upper nasal cavity that distinguish molecules for smell

Bumps on toungue which contain tastebuds

Chemoreceptors inside tastebuds that react to molecules dissolved in saliva and send signal to brain through facial nerves. Several types in different parts of the tongue.

Place where eyelids meet by nose

Place where eyelids meet at outer corners

A thin membrane that covers the surface of the eye and inner layer of the eyelid and secretes mucus

A group of structures that lubricate the eye

Glands above the eye that constantly release tears to cleanse and moisten the eye

The white of the eye made of fibrous connective tissue, protects and shapes the eye

Known as the auricle, sound then goes through external auditory canal and vibrate eardrum (tympanic membrane)

Contains the cochlea, a bony snail-shaped structure with membranes filled with fluid with the organ of corti

A set of 3 ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) that amplify sound waves to inner ear through the oval window (membrane)

Pigmented, vascular membrane around eye which includes iris and pupil

Layer of eye that contains photoreceptors that turn light energy into nerve impulses

A thick, transparent tissue that allows light into the eye

The colored part of the eye behind the cornea that helps regulate entering light

Opening in the center of the iris that lets light in

Muscles that help adjust shape of lens to allow light to hit the retina

Ligaments that help control shape of lens

A fluid in the front of the lens and nourishes the cornea

Thick, jellyesque fluid behind lens that refracts light and fills space between lens and retina

Nerve that sense impulse of vision to the brain

Place where the optic nerve meets the eye, where there are no photoreceptors

A tiny pit where the rays of light intersect and has only cones, so has the sharpest image

Just inside the ear

The whole outer ear structure

Eardrum, vibrated by sound waves

Ossicle

Ossicle

Ossicle

A membrane in the middle ear that that passes sound waves from the ossicles to the inner ear

Bony-shapes structure in the inner ear with membranes filled with fluid

Nerve that sends signal to brain that the head is moving

Sound waves are collected by the auricle and passed through the external auditory canal, and then vibrate the tympanic membrane. Then, they travel to the middle ear through the ossicles, which amplify sound waves to travel through the inner ear through the oval window. This vibrates the perilymph (liquid in cochlea) which vibrates a membrane that has tiny receptor cells against a membrane, beginning an action potential.

(Draw)
They refract the light correctly so that it converges on the retina

The blind spot (or optic disk) is the place where the optic nerve meets the eye, and there are no photoreceptors. This is in a different place for both eyes, so the other eye can compensate for the "missing" image.