midterm #3
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1
define cell division
The process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells
2
understand sexual and asecual reproduction
In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic information from each of its parents and is genetically unique. In asexual reproduction, one parent copies itself to form a genetically identical offspring.
3
Draw a duplicated chromosome, sister chromatide and centromere
4
Draw the process of a semi-conservative DNA replication
5
what is teh function and outcome of cell cycles?
Cell cycle is the fundamental process by which a cell matures, synthesises DNA and divides to form daughter cells. Somatic cells divide regularly?
6
How many chromosomes do somatic cells contain?
46
7
how many chromosomes do human gametes contain
23
8
define somatic cells
cells of living organisms
9
define gamete cells
repoductive cells of a animal or plant
10
Draw the cell cycle for each phase describe what is occuring
11
interphase
Prior to Mitosis DNA is copied cell prepares to divide
12
Prophase
-Chromosomes begin to condense
-the 2 centrosomes migreate to opposite poles each having their own spindle
-the 2 centrosomes migreate to opposite poles each having their own spindle
13
Metaphase
- spindle attatch to replicated chromosomes
- tension created forces them to align in the middle
- tension created forces them to align in the middle
14
anaphase
- chromatids separate at the centromere
- the now regular chromosomes are pulled to centrosomes
- the now regular chromosomes are pulled to centrosomes
15
telophase
-chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell, causing the spindle to dismantle
-nuclear envelopes form
-nuclear envelopes form
16
Cytokenisis
-cell divides
-penching continues until cells splits
-penching continues until cells splits