male repoduction

basic roles of male reproduction

semen

add volume, enhance survival and movement, ultilized by sperm cells dor energy and metabollic proccess, contain: sodium chloride, potassium chloride, nitrogen, citric acid, several vitamins

produce sperm and androgn, trasnport sperm, produce testosterone

produce fluid to lubricate and to carry the sperm

delivers semen out of the body

temperature regulation

male organ of copuation, transport semen and urine

90% of total mass of testicles, produce spermatozoa ulla fom primary sex cells located within its walls

causes spermatogenesis

coverging of many segments of seminierous tubules into a networ of connecting tubules

converging of many segments of seminiferous tubules into a network of connecting tubules

sperm storage and maturation

3 segments of sperm

head takes … days to mature

body takes … days to mature

tail takes … days to mature

sperm matures as

sperm cannot create offspring until

passage way for sperm from epididymis to urethra

portion of urinary tract that carries urine from the bladder and provides passage for semen ejaculation

flushes urethra of urine crystals that sperm try to embed themselves in

tissues connect testicles to body which consists largely of blood vessels nerves, the vas deferns and the cremaster muscles

cremaster muscles … when cold

cremaster muscles … when warm

aids in sperm production and survival by thermoregulation

loation of testicles, low insulation and sweat glands, external cremater muscle, tunica dartos and pampiniform plexus

wrinkles of testicles

blood supply going up and down

principal androgen for the male

produced by cells of leydig or interstital cells

testerone is essentia for

an enlagement of the innermost portion passageway of the vas deferens, contribut fluid to semen

paired glands attached to the urethra, near the bladder; produe fluids that carry and nourish sperm

surrounds the pelvic urethra, produces alkaline secretion, enlarge with age

produces a mucus like fluid; pre ejaculate

… is the majority of the ejaculate

accessory gland functions

contains enzymes to help penatrate the ovum

contains mitochondria for energy

flagellum for movement

factors that affect sperm production

sperm cell characteristics

occurs when arterial blood enters the penis then leaves by the veins

types of erections

S shaped posterior portion of the urethra; at mating the penis becomes erect, sigmoid flecure straightens

relaxes at the time of copulation; contracts to draw penis back into the sheath