1translation into Arabic of James Balkie's Ancient Egypt)1932
Naguib Mahfouz
2was built west to the Nile River.
The large pyramid was mostly built of limestone and had the base of a perfect square.
Inside this magnificent construction were traps and curses put on the tombs.
Giza Pyramid
3Most of the walls had seenes and hieroglyphs carved on to them and painted over with bright colors.
Temples
4It is considered as one of the greatest constructional accomplishments of its time.
STEP PYRAMID
5These were somewhat of a building over where the body was buried.
Mastabas
6At the bottom the pyramid's shape is angled at 54 degrees but once it reaches the point of change it suddenly flattens to about 43 degrees.
Bent Pyramid
7They are very tall and narrow, four- sided monuments that form a triangle at the top.
Obelisks
8Egyptologists predict that this pyramid was built as a tomb for the___.
Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu.
9There are three known chambers inside the Great Pyramid.
The Kings Chamber and the Queens Chamber are high in the structure.
10Ancient Egyptians built temples believing they were the homes of the___.
gods and goddesses
11Some temples were also dedicated to____
death or celebration
12When death or celebration temples were built, each pillar had a___.
lotus
13when it was open it meant the temple was for____.
celebration
14when it was closed it was for____.
death
15It was built for the burial of ____.
Pharaoh Djoser (Imhotep)
16The vast complex was surrounded with several ceremonial structures and decoration.
Step Pyramid
17It was made of a _____ that decrease in size as the pyramid reaches the top.
series of six mastabas
18The purpose of an obelisk was that it was a ____.
monumental figure.
19It symbolized the stability and strength of the sun god ____.
Amun Ra
20They were also believed to represent a magical protection to other structures like temples and tombs.
Obelisks
21Some archeologists believe it was built as a symbol of ____ towards the pyramids.
protection
22There are many assumptions but the main one was, it acted as a guard to ____ from robbers.
Khafre's pyramid
23Art was used to create objects for _____ religious ceremonies.
funerary rituals or paintings portraying
24This meant that art was heir way of showing their ____.
beliefs and rituals
25were the main subject for many sculptures, carvings. inscriptions, and much more.
Pharaohs
26was used as a form of communication in Ancient Egypt.
Art
27One of the many "Gifts of the Nile" was a weed called ___
papyrus
28This lead tyo the invention of written scripts that could be used to record this information.
Hieroglyphs
29These texts were written on walls, coffins, statues or papyri.
Funeral Texts
30They are the oldest sacred texts known.
PYRAMID TEXTS
31Some examples of religious literature include:
-Hyms to the Gods
-Mythological Texts
-Pyramid Texts
-Coffins Texts
-Book of the Dead
32was often the main topic of Ancient Egyptian literature, and art had a lot to do with religion as well.
religion
33Several prayers and hymns were written, but one of the most important books was ____.
"The Book of the Dead"
34They were used during the beginning of the Fourth Dynasty by
Pharaoh Sneferu.
CARTOUCHE
35Ancient Egyptians used steatite and carved small pieces of vases, amulets, images of deities, of animals and several other objects.
POTTERY
36It has been found that the dye and clay that were used on the walls on the tombs have protected the walls and all the drawings that were on them.
TEXTILE AND DYING
37Ancient Egyptians made paintings of better places that they wanted to be in, mainly in the ___.
afterlife
38are long cylinder cones that have some writing on them.
Funerary Cones
39These jars were used to preserve the organs of the person who was mummified for the afterlife.
Canopic Jars