Topic 1

-brings oxygen and nutrients
-carries waste materials to be digested out the body
-carries horomones around the body
-fights infections

Pump oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in and out

-cardiac tissue
-muscular walls that contract to pump blood

70 beats per minute
Pumps 70mL of blood per beat
Standard BP is 120/80

-When a valve is leaky and makes a swooshing sounds
-Can enlarge and overwhelm the heart over time
-Causes high heartrate and low volume of blood per beat
-Left AV Valve is the most common site

Numerator of BP, is average 120
-Ventricles contract and blood is forced into arteries

Denominator of BP, is average 80
-Relaxation faze

Regulated by the body contricting and dilating blood vessels.
Measure of pressure when ventricles contractelax

High BP leads to broken vessels and blood clots
Low BP leads to not enough blood reaching organs

SA Node (Upper right atrium) is a natural pacemaker
AV Node passes the nerve impluse and wraps around the ventricles
-Atria and ventricles contract in a smooth wave

-Used if the SA node fails to function properly and does not transmit impulses
-Consists of a battery and timer connected to an electrode
-Impulses speed up a slow heart and provide a steady beat

-Thick
-Carry blood AWAY from the heart

-Thin
-Carry blood TOWARD the heart

-Thin muscle walls conecting viens and arteries

Enlarged and twisted vein, leads to blood pooling

(reasoning behind why surgeons wear compression socks)

-Nervous system
-Excersize
-Temperature/Horomones

Low oxygen blood leaves the heart through the Right Ventricle
Artery branches into capillaries and releases O2/CO2
Red blood comes back to the heart through Pulmonary veins
Enters Left Atrium

Red blood passes through the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle
Aorta carries blood and supplies the body
Branches into multitude of circulatory systems

Right Atrim to Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery to Lung Capillary to Pulmonary Vein to Left Atrium to Left Ventricle to Aorta to Body Capillary to Vena Cava

55 percent of blood
-Dissolved with various ions
-Contains protien molecules that control BP and antibodies
-Contains fibrinogen that aids in clotting of blood

44 percent of blood
-Biconcave
-known as erythracyctes
-Red colour is hemoglobin, which is a protien contained iron and its job is to Transport nutriets mainly o2

Carries and transports O2/CO2

1 percent of blood
-Known as leucocytes
-produced in red bone marrow
-helps defend body against disease
-destroy bad cells with phagocytosis

Less than 1 percent of blood
-Shaped irregularly
-Purpose is to form blood clots
-have thromboplastin

1. Platelets scrape the edges of broken tissue and release thromboplastin into the bloods plasma
2.Calcium ions become present and initiate clotting. Fibrinogen -> Fibrin
3.Frbrin forms threads and ropes to form a clot trapping red blood cells
4.The clot slowly contracts and pulls the wound together, seals the bloodflow

AB +

O -

Positive or Negative aspect to blood, is a protien

Severe brain/heart injury. Hemophilia is a common cause to this due to the disease causing improper blood clotting

Skin, Hair, Eyelashes

-Physical barrier

Fevers and Sore Throats

-Body attacks the invader if it gets inside
-Macrophages attach and destroy the invader microbe

Antibiotics, Tcells, Bcells

-Antibody medicated immunity
1.Prevents pathogens
2.Attract macrophages to engulf and destroy
3.stimulate a reaction

T Cells
-Produces in bone marrow
-seek intruders
-identify antigens
-search for pathogens
B Cells
-Produce antibodies
-Memories are kept to retain info on the antigen