CH 11

microscopic (primarly single celled) eukaryotes, that are not plants, animals, or higher fungi

animal-like protists

simple autotrophic (photosynthetic) protists

heterotrophic organisms; chitin in cell wall

two multicellular organisms

Dimorphic

Visible mass of hyphae

Yeast

Mold

Association with plant roots- symboitic relationship

An association of fungus or alga or cyanobacterium

Fungal Infection

deep with body

beneath skin

affect hair skin nails

localized, etc hair shafts

caused by normal microbiota

DOTW that are Fungi infections

Dimorphic, found in caves, transmitted by airborne conidia from soil

Somple photo synthetic eukarhyotyes lack of organized vascular system and complex reproductive structures; rigid cell wall composed of cellulose; some have flagella

Some Algea have what that causes red tide

Characteristis of Protozoa

Vegatative state (growing but not dividing)

Asexual reproduction by fission or budding

sexual repoduction

dormant stage of some protozoa, protive chitin cell wall

Types of Amebae

Transmissioned by cyst contamination, causes amebic dysentery (bloody diarrhea) motile via pseudopod extension

Brain eating amoeba; lives in fresh water and enters via nose; primary ameoba meningoencephalitis

In soil and fresh water, causes corneal infection

Examples of Apicomplexa or Plasmodia

Characterisitics of Apicomplexa or Plasmodia

what causes malaria

causes watery diarrhea- spores transmitted by contaminated water

causes toxoplasmosis, defenitive host is cat, causes congential infections, neurological damage, and behavorial modifcation

have whip-like flagella and chloroplats

Euglinds that lost their chloroplasts and evolved into obligate parasites; are vector borne parasites

Have no mitochondria and multiple flagella

Examples of Metamonads

Examples of Trypanosomes

transmitted by contaminated water, from humaneaver feces, diagnosed by microscopic of stool, treated with metronidazole

desert sand fly transmits, causes sores, fever, swollen lymph nodes

vector tsetswe fly, 100% lethal once is a neurological disease, causes changes in the circadian rhythem, does through surface antigen changes

Charcteristics of Helminths

flatworms

Tape worms

Flukes

Round worms

LIfe cycle of hermaphroditic

Definitive host

Helminth POE

Sexually reporductive segements of Adult worm

Tapeworm, transmitted in cycsts in contaminated meat, treated with praziquantel, scolex attaches to intesitnal wall

infection with larval stage

Tapeworm examples

defintive host is dog/wolf, intermediate host is human/sheep, transmitted by injesting eggs, hydatid cycts, can effect liver, brain, lungs, and eyes

large fluid filled bladders that can cause anaphylatic shock if ruptured

Blood fluke, known as swimmers itch, male has groove for female, swollen liver/spleen, rash, granulomas form due to eggs lodging in tissue

lung fluke, spread by eating crayfish, human defenit host

nematode, larvea encystin muscle tissue, transmitted larvea in contaminated meat, exit plan is consumption, treated with mebendazole

pinworm, definitive host is human, transmitted by injesting eggs, causes itchy butt

Hookworms, penerate skin, enter CS and migrate to lungs, attach to wall of intestine and shed eggs

Nematode, 1 ft in length, ingesting acaris eggs, mebendazole

Arthopod vectors