1WHAT IS THE TERM FOR ACTIVATING ASSOCIATIONS IN MEMORY THAT CAN INFLUENCE HOW WE INTERPRET EVENTS?
- Misattribution
- Counterfactual Thinking
- Belief Perseverance
- Priming
2Mark watches a horror movie. Later, when he hears a strange noise, he immediately thinks someone has broken into his house. What concept does this illustrate?
- Self-Serving Bias
- Priming
- Regression Toward Average
- Controlled Processing
3What phenomenon describes the tendency to be more confident in one's judgments or beliefs than is actually justified?
- Illusory Correlation
- Confirmation Bias
- Overconfidence Phenomenon
- Fundamental Attribution Error
4Jane believes that a particular student is a bad student. She only remembers negative feedback about that student and ignores positive feedback. What concept does this demonstrate?
- Embodied Cognition
- Illusion of Control
- Availability Heuristic
- Confirmation Bias
5What heuristic involves judging the likelihood of an event based on how easily examples come to mind?
- Availability Heuristic
- Counterfactual Thinking
- Representativeness Heuristic
- Automatic Processing
6Paul sees many news reports about airplane crashes. He begins to believe that flying is very dangerous because plane crashes are easy for him to remember. What concept does this illustrate?
- Belief Perseverance
- Illusory Correlation
- Availability Heuristic
- Controlled Processing
7What is the term for imagining alternative outcomes that could have happened but did not?
- Counterfactual Thinking
- Misattribution
- Behavioral Confirmation
- Priming
8Lisa believes that her lucky bracelet caused her to pass an exam, even though her success was mainly due to preparation and chance. What concept does this demonstrate?
- Belief Perseverance
- Fundamental Attribution Error
- Spontaneous Trait Inference
- Illusion of Control
9What concept describes the tendency to maintain an initial belief even after the information supporting it has been disproven?
- Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Regression Toward Average
- Belief Perseverance
- Misinformation Effect
10Carlo reads a false social media post claiming that a mall flooded after a typhoon. Later, he remembers the event as if he had witnessed it himself. What concept does this illustrate?
- Actor-Observer Difference
- Representativeness Heuristic
- Self-Serving Bias
- Misinformation Effect
11What theory explains how people attribute behavior to either internal characteristics or external situational factors?
- Attribution Theory
- Embodied Cognition
- Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Confirmation Bias
12A student sees a classmate fail an exam and immediately concludes that the classmate is lazy, without considering that the exam may have been difficult. What concept does this demonstrate?
- Availability Heuristic
- Actor-Observer Difference
- Self-Serving Bias
- Fundamental Attribution Error ✅
13What bias involves taking credit for positive outcomes while blaming external factors for negative outcomes?
- Self-Serving Bias
- Behavioral Confirmation
- Belief Perseverance
- Illusory Correlation
14A teacher expects a student to perform poorly and gives the student less encouragement. As a result, the student performs poorly. What concept does this illustrate?
- Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Counterfactual Thinking
- Regression Toward Average
- Misattribution
15Peter expects his new classmate to be unfriendly, so he acts coldly toward her. She responds less warmly, making him believe his original expectation was correct. What concept does this demonstrate?
- Availability Heuristic
- Behavioral Confirmation
- Embodied Cognition
- Controlled Processing