Opthalmology

MS

acute closre glaucoma

conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, scleritis and acute angle glaucoma

refers to inflammation of the conjunctiva resulting in mild irritation and watery discharge from the eye
bacterial - unilateral, purulent and watery discharge
viral - usually bilateral, mucous discharge
allergic - bilateral
mx: topical antibiotics, supportive, antihistamines

inflammation of the cornea (in front of the iris)
usually occurs due to contact lens usage e.g. Pseudomonas and can lead to corneal ulcers e.g. dendritic ulcer (braching tree like ulceration) due to HSV-1- abrasions of the cornea
results in photophobia, blurred vision and leukoma
mx: topical antbiotics/acyclovir if viral

inflammation of the anterior (ciliary body and iris)/posterior uva (chorion)
photophobia, blurring of vision, hypopion
mx: topical/oral corticosteroids

Horner's syndrome
cataracts
cranial nerve palsies (CN VI)
glaucoma

fundoscopy - swelling of optic disc
slit lamp - desaturation of colours especially red in early signs
pupillary light reflex
MRI brain - to assess for MS

gonometry

fundoscopy - optic disc cupping, slit lamp, tonometry, gonoscopy - gold standard, visual field testing; peripheral visual loss

hyphema

in uveitis