Geology EXAM 1
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1
Physical Geology
the area of geology that studies materials composing earth and it's systems
2
Historical Geology
the study of geology that concerns earth's origins and development through time
3
Catastrophism
the idea that earth's landscapes were shaped primarily by great catastrophes
4
Uniformitarianism
the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological processes that operate today also operates in the geologic past
5
Earth's four Major Spheres
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere
6
Geologic Hazards
volcanoes, earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, landslides
7
earth's age
4.6 billion years
8
What is a system?
a group of Interacting or independent parts that form a complex whole
9
what are earth's major systems?
atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
10
atmosphere
a thin blanket of gas that provides air and protects from the sun. produces weather and climate
11
hydrosphere
dynamic mass of wateron earth's surface. covers 71% of the surface. primarily comprised of saltwater
12
biosphere
all life on earth
13
geosphere
the solid earth. comprised of soil and rock
14
the universe began
13.7 million years ago
15
Earth's layered Structure is due to
density and buoyancy
16
Nebular Theory
the bodies of our solar system have evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called a solar nebula.
17
The inner planets of the solar system
- neptune
- saturn
- mars
- jupiter
- uranus
- mercury
- venus
- earth
18
continental margin
portion of the seafloor adjacent to landmasses
19
continental shelf
a flooded extension of the continents
20
continental slopes
the boundary between continents and deep ocean basins
21
continental rise
a thick wedge of sediment that moved downslope from the continental shelf and accumulated on the deep-ocean floor.
22
deep ocean basins
between continental margins and oceanic ridges
23
abyssal plains
flat parts of basins
24
deep ocean trenches
extremely deep depressions that are more than 11,000 ft
25
seamounts
submerged volcanic structures
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