Eyelid Function and Anatomy
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1
What are the functions of the eyelid?
Spread Tear layer, produce tear layer, drain tear layer, protect against foreign bodies.
2
What is the palpebral fissure?
The area of the open eye
3
Where is the tarsal portion of the eyelid?
Top of the eyelid to Superior palpebral sulcus (area where double eye is)
4
Where is the orbital portion of the eyelid?
Superioir palpebral sulcus to eyebrow.
5
What is the purpose of the plica semilunaris?
Allows for eye movement
6
Where is the lacrimal lake?
Plica semilunaris to caruncle.
7
What is the punctum?
Hole that allows the tears to drain.
8
What portion of the obicularis causes the eye to close forefully?
Orbital portion
9
What portion of the orbicularis causes the eye to close gently?
Palpebral portion
10
Describe the palpebral orbicularis oculi muscle orientation
semi-circular
11
Describe the orbital orbicularis oculi muscle orientation
concentric
12
What 2 muscles are in the palpebral portion of the orbicularis muscle contain?
Riolan's muscle (maintains lid proximity to globe) Horner's muscle (moves tears through the drainage system)
13
What separates the lacrimal gland into its orbital (larger) and palpebral (smaller) parts?
Levator Aponeurosis
14
What is the Whitnall ligament?
Area where levator muscle transitions into levator aponeurosis.
15
What is the Lockwood ligament?
"Hammock" supporting the lower globe
16
What is the function of the tarsal plate?
Houses meibomian glands, conforms tightly to glove and gives the lid rigidity.
17
What is the separation of the mucocutaneous junction called?
Line of Marx
18
What deficiency is associated with a loss of goblet cells?
Vitamin A deficiency
19
What is the Tenon capsule?
Connective tissue inner to conjunctiva that protects globe and reduces friction.
20
How are meibomian glands oriented?
In single rows, vertically
21
What do Zeis glands secrete?
sebum
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