Test #1 Concepts

The name for a chord relationship in which the root of the chord is a 3rd above or below the root of the tonic chord and there are 1 or less exact pitches in common with the tonic

I and VI, bIII and bVI, III and bvi, biii

iii and #VI, #iii and #vi, #III and vi (None related to tonic because they share 2+ common tones)

the abrupt establishment of a new key

the establishment of a new key through the use of chord(s) that fit in both the old and new key; often occurs at a cadence

No, that's just a change of mode

3

iv, iio, bVI, ii07, bIII, i

I (only used at a cadence, otherwise label as V/iv)

1) V/x -> x
2) V/x -> vi/x
3) V/x -> V 
4) V/x -> viio7

12

To tonicize a new chord