HIV

Acquired IMmunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Lentivirus Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)

-retrovirus, + single sense stranded RNA
-2 species and 3 subgroups
-multiple subtypes
-spiked envelop
-virus constantly mutating
-targets CD4+ T cells

humans. great apes

reproductive tract

STI (blood, organ transplants)

2-4 weeks

-virus infects immune cells containing containing CD4 surface protein (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, helper T-cells)
-virus attatches, penetrates and uncoates its +ssrna genome, carries out reverese transcriptase
-virus inserts dna into host genome via integrase
-virus invades adaptive immune response and leaves body susceptible to secondary infections and cancer

2 months

months to years

-secondary infections
-cancer

-avoid risky behavoirs
-abstinence
-male circumcision
-barrier protection
-pre-exposure prophylaxis and post exposure prophylaxis

-antiretroviral medications
-reverese transcriptase inhibitors
-integrase inhibitors
-protease inhibitors
-cell entry inhibtors