Philippine Firearms and Explosives Laws (RA 10591 & 9516)

Republic Act No. 10591, the Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act.

To regulate firearm and ammunition ownership, possession, carrying, manufacture, dealing, and related activities.

The Philippine National Police, through its Firearms and Explosives Office.

A firearm that is unregistered, has an expired or revoked license, is illegally manufactured, or otherwise falls within the law's definition.

Lawful ownership or possession does not automatically authorize carrying a firearm outside residence; separate legal authority is required.

An authorization allowing a qualified person to carry a firearm outside residence under applicable legal conditions.

No. A self-defense claim does not itself replace statutory firearm licensing requirements.

The unlawful acquisition, sale, delivery, movement, or transfer of firearms or their regulated components under the statute's provisions.

They help identify and trace firearms and may establish links among owners, transactions, and criminal incidents.

Republic Act No. 9516, which amended Presidential Decree No. 1866.

Illegal possession and related offenses involving explosives, explosive ingredients, and incendiary devices.

They involve different statutory elements, regulated items, and potentially different penalties.

Republic Act No. 10883.

Taking a motor vehicle belonging to another, without consent, with intent to gain, by violence, intimidation, or force upon things, or without those means.

No. RA 10883 also covers qualifying unlawful taking without violence, intimidation, or force upon things.

Carnapping specifically concerns unlawful taking of a motor vehicle under RA 10883.

It is an element that the prosecution must establish, although gain need not always mean actual profit.

It may constitute a separate offense or provide evidence relevant to unlawful vehicle transactions under applicable law.

Republic Act No. 9160, as amended.

The Anti-Money Laundering Council, or AMLC.

A crime involving specified transactions or acts concerning monetary instruments or property representing proceeds of unlawful activity, under the AMLA.

An offense or activity identified by law whose proceeds may form the basis of a money laundering offense.

A transaction meeting the applicable statutory or regulatory reporting threshold for a covered person.

A transaction exhibiting statutory or regulatory indicators of possible money laundering or unlawful activity, regardless of amount.

To provide financial intelligence that may assist authorities in identifying and investigating possible money laundering.

The former generally depends on a reporting threshold; the latter depends on suspicious circumstances.

To temporarily restrain dealings with specified monetary instruments or property under the applicable legal process.

The Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act.

To penalize specified corrupt practices by public officers and certain participating private individuals.

It penalizes specified public-officer misconduct causing undue injury or giving unwarranted benefits through manifest partiality, evident bad faith, or gross inexcusable negligence.

Manifest partiality, evident bad faith, and gross inexcusable negligence.

No. The prosecution must establish the statutory elements beyond reasonable doubt.

The Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees.

To promote integrity, accountability, professionalism, and ethical conduct in public service.

Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth.

To support transparency, accountability, and disclosure of financial interests under applicable law.

A situation in which a public official's private interests may conflict with the faithful performance of official duties.

Public officials and employees must provide service without unfair discrimination based on political affiliation or preference.

The law defining and penalizing plunder.

At least ₱50 million in ill-gotten wealth accumulated through a combination or series of specified acts.

A public officer who amasses, accumulates, or acquires the required ill-gotten wealth through the acts specified by law.

Plunder requires the statutory accumulation of ill-gotten wealth through a combination or series of specified acts and the prescribed threshold.

The Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009.

Specified nonconsensual recording, copying, reproduction, distribution, publication, or exhibition of intimate images or recordings under circumstances covered by the law.

No. Consent to recording does not automatically authorize subsequent distribution or publication.

The Safe Spaces Act, also called the Bawal Bastos Law.

Public spaces, online spaces, workplaces, and educational or training institutions, as provided by law.

Specified unwanted online conduct of a sexual or gender-based nature, including qualifying threats, harassment, and unauthorized sharing of intimate content.

The Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995.

RA 7877 primarily addresses sexual harassment involving authority, influence, or moral ascendancy in specified settings; RA 11313 extends protections to additional forms and settings of gender-based harassment.